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Edward Neal Hartley - Ironworks on the Saugus: The Lynn and Braintree Ventures of the Company of Undertakers of the Ironworks in New England

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    Ironworks on the Saugus: The Lynn and Braintree Ventures of the Company of Undertakers of the Ironworks in New England
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title Ironworks On the Saugus The Lynn and Braintree Ventures of the - photo 1

title:Ironworks On the Saugus : The Lynn and Braintree Ventures of the Company of Undertakers of the Ironworks in New England
author:Hartley, Edward Neal.
publisher:University of Oklahoma Press
isbn10 | asin:0806109572
print isbn13:9780806109572
ebook isbn13:9780585194110
language:English
subjectCompany of Undertakers of the Iron Works in New England, Iron industry and trade--Massachusetts.
publication date:1957
lcc:HD9517.M4H3eb
ddc:672.065
subject:Company of Undertakers of the Iron Works in New England, Iron industry and trade--Massachusetts.
Page iii
Ironworks on the Saugus
The Lynn and Braintree Ventures of the Company of Undertakers of the Ironworks in New England
By E. N. Hartley
Page iv International Standard Book Number 0806109572 paper Library - photo 2
Page iv
International Standard Book Number: 0806109572 (paper)
Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 575956
Copyright 1957 by the University of Oklahoma Press,
Publishing Division of the University.
All rights reserved.
Manufactured in the U.S.A.
First edition, 1957;
second printing, 1971;
third printing, 1990.
Page v
To Dexter
Per Omnia
Page vii
Preface
This book is a history of the Lynn and Braintree ventures of the Company of Undertakers of the Ironworks in New England and of the making of iron in America through the seventeenth century. It is an outgrowth of work on the Saugus Ironworks Restoration, a rather unique venture in industrial, civic, and scholarly co-operation in which it was my privilege to serve as research historian from the spring of 1949 to the autumn of 1954.
Here a large modern industry, organized in American Iron and Steel Institute, sought to commemorate its founders by setting up a faithful replica of "Hammersmith," the mid-seventeenth-century plant in which the successful, sustained, and integrated production of cast and wrought iron was first achieved within the limits of the United States. The project was carried in the name and legal title of the First Iron Works Association, Inc., of Saugus, Mass., a predominantly local group of interested citizens. In the work of research and reconstruction many people here and abroad, representing various fields of business endeavor and a number of scholarly disciplines, fused their skills and interests. All contributed to my own efforts, and therefore to this book. I regret that properly to acknowledge their help, and to exonerate them from responsibility for the use I have made of that which they freely offered, is rendered nearly impossible by the size and degree of generosity of the company.
Page viii
I cannot fail publicly to express my thanks to four groups with which I was in close contact over many months. American Iron and Steel Institute provided me with splendid resources and warm encouragement. To its officers and staff, in particular to Max D. Howell, executive vice president, and George S. Rose, secretary, and to its Committee on General Research, I am deeply indebted. The First Iron Works Association, especially in the person of its president, J. Sanger Attwill, has been most kind and has demonstrated a commitment to accuracy in the reconstruction and in the historical research which has never wavered. It gave me access to its collection of historical materials, and its clerk, Miss M. Louise Hawkes, shared with me her rich knowledge of local history and genealogy, and spent many hours transcribing timeworn manuscripts. Her gentle spirit has been an inspiration to me and to all who worked at Saugus. To the Restoration architects, the Boston firm of Perry, Shaw and Hepburn, Kehoe and Dean, and in particular to its able representative Conover Fitch, Jr., I am indebted for data, interpretations of data, and many happy hours of joint effort in bridging the gap between the raw materials of technological history and the various units of an actual ironworks. Architects and historian profited alike from the practical skills of the builders of the Restoration, H. M. Bogart and Company, of Charlestown. Albert W. Barnard, a partner in the firm, and Donald P. Jones, job superintendent, taught me much.
Complementing the historical research in the gathering of data with which to authenticate the Restoration was the archeological work of Roland Wells Robbins and his assistants. From his findings I derived many new insights and not a few corrections of old ones. In checking his and my data, the resources of several steel company laboratories were invaluable. I am in the debt of a number of their technical specialists, especially of Dr. Hobart M. Kraner, of Bethlehem, and Earle C. Smith, of Cleveland. In the preparation of publicity materials and preliminary historical summaries, Hill and Knowlton, Inc., the public relations counsel for the Steel Institute and for the Saugus Restoration, in particular as represented by Howard Stephenson, a former vice president, has been most helpful.
Professor Samuel Eliot Morison, who first sparked my interest in colonial American history, has given me encouragement and help in the present study. I am especially grateful for his having made available his notes on business and industry in seventeenth-century Massa-
Page ix
chusetts. In the field of ironworks history, to which I came as a novice, I have derived much from the counsel of Professor Arthur C. Bining, of the University of Pennsylvania, dean among scholars of American iron, and of the late Charles Rufus Harte, of New Haven, historian of the early Connecticut iron industry and a man richly versed in American industrial history in general. Dr. H. R. Schubert, historical investigator to The Iron and Steel Institute (British), served as consultant on the Saugus Restoration and has been quite helpful to me. In the course of his Saugus visit he gave us much good advice based on years of research in the history of iron in the British Isles and on the Continent. He has also made available a profusion of documentary materials, scholarly articles, and friendly criticism. In my research and writing, and in other ways, I have also benefited from the friendship, special competences, and interests of present and former colleagues at M.I.T., including Professors John M. Blum, Alfred D. Chandler, Karl W. Deutsch, William C. Greene, Arthur Mann, Elting E. Morison, John B. Rae, Walt W. Rostow, Lawrence W. Towner, and C. Conrad Wright.
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