John Carman and Anthony Harding - Ancient Warfare

Ancient Warfare

Archaeological Perspectives

Edited by

John Carman and Anthony Harding

First published in 1999 by Sutton Publishing

The History Press
The Mill, Brimscombe Port
Stroud, Gloucestershire, GL5 2QG
www.thehistorypress.co.uk

This ebook edition first published in 2013

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Copyright in the introduction and epilogue John Carman and Anthony Harding, 1999, 2013 Each chapter remains the copyright of the contributor, 2013

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C ONTENTS

John Carman and Anthony Harding

Jonathan Haas

Don Brothwell

John Carman

Slavomil Vencl

P.M. Dolukhanov

Dimitra Kokkinidou and Marianna Nikolaidou

John Chapman

R.J. Mercer

Anthony Harding

Kristian Kristiansen

Klavs Randsborg

Victor Davis Hanson

Deborah J. Shepherd

John Carman and Anthony Harding

L IST OF C ONTRIBUTORS

Don Brothwell is Professor of Human Palaeoecology in the University of York. He has had a lifetime interest in the nature of human conflict and the anthropology of warfare. Prior to his University studies, his national service was in Lincoln Prison, and he has remained a committed pacifist, though not a nave one.

John Carman gained his PhD in Archaeology from Cambridge University in 1993. He is an Affiliated Lecturer in the Department of Archaeology, University of Cambridge, and a Research Fellow at Clare Hall, Cambridge. His specialisations include archaeological heritage management and archaeological theory as well as archaeologies of violence and war. He published his first book Valuing Ancient Things: archaeology and law in 1996. He has edited Material Harm: archaeological studies of war and violence and is co-Director with Patricia Carman of the Bloody Meadows Project on historic battlefields world-wide.

John Chapman is Reader in Archaeology at the University of Durham. He has specialised in the prehistoric archaeology of the Balkans, notably the Neolithic, and published his doctoral work on the Vina Culture in 1981. A major survey of prehistoric Dalmatia in the 1980s was published in 1996 as The Changing Face of Dalmatia (with R. Shiel and . Batovi). Since 1991 he has been working in north-east Hungary on the Upper Tisza Project, now nearing completion. He is also a writer on theoretical archaeology, and edits The European Journal of Archaeology .

Pavel M. Dolukhanov is Reader in East European Archaeology at the University of Newcastle upon Tyne. He is the author of Ecology and Economy in Neolithic Eastern Europe, Environment and Ethnicity in the Ancient Near East , and The Early Slavs, Eastern Europe from the initial settlement to the Kievan Rus . He is co-editor (with J.C. Chapman) and contributor to Cultural Transformations and Interactions in Eastern Europe and Landscapes in Flux, Central and Eastern Europe in antiquity . He has also written many articles on the environment and ethnicity of prehistoric Eastern Europe.

Jonathan Haas is the MacArthur curator of Anthropology at the Field Museum in Chicago and an External Professor with the Santa Fe Institute. He has researched and published widely on the development of complex cultural systems, the origins of warfare, and the rise of early states. Among his publications are The Evolution of the Prehistoric State and The Anthropology of War . He has conducted fieldwork in the eastern and south-western United States as well as in Peru.

Victor Davis Hanson is Professor of Greek and Classics at California State University, Fresno. He is the author of Warfare and Agriculture in Classical Greece, The Western Way of War, The Other Greeks, The Wars of the Ancient Greeks and The Soul of Battle in addition to other books and articles on ancient Greek military and agrarian history.

Anthony Harding is Professor of Archaeology at the University of Durham. A specialist on the Bronze Age archaeology of Europe, he has published a number of books on the subject including The Bronze Age in Europe (with J.M. Coles) and The Mycenaeans in Europe . He has conducted excavations in Britain, Poland and the Czech Republic on a variety of Bronze and Iron Age sites, and is currently working on the application of landscape archaeology techniques to eastern Europe.

Dimitra Kokkinidou gained her degree in archaeology and art history from the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece, and her M.Phil and PhD in prehistoric archaeology from Birmingham University, UK. Her publications concern the Greek Neolithic and Bronze Ages, gender interpretations of material culture and educational implications of cultural heritage. She has taught at secondary and tertiary level in Greece and is currently Teaching Associate at the School of European Languages and Cultures, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.

Kristian Kristiansen is Professor of Archaeology at the University of Gothenburg in Sweden. His most recent books are Europe Before History and, with Michael Rowlands, Social Transformations in Archaeology: global and local perspectives . He has edited several books and the Journal of Danish Archaeology . He was the first President of the European Association of Archaeologists between 1994 and 1998. His research interests include archaeological history and heritage management as well as the Bronze Age.

Roger Mercer obtained an MA in Archaeology at the University of Edinburgh (196367). In 1969 he became an Inspector of Ancient Monuments for the Department of the Environment (now English Heritage) where his responsibilities included the whole of south-west England as well as excavations on a number of sites in state care. In 1974 he became lecturer in prehistory in the Department of Archaeology, University of Edinburgh, and Reader in 1982. His specialism was in Neolithic and Bronze Age prehistory in Britain and Europe. In 1990 he became Secretary (Chief Executive) of the Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Scotland.

Marianna Nikolaidou graduated from the Department of History and Archaeology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece, and did her graduate studies in Thessaloniki and Cambridge, UK. Her PhD on Minoan religious symbolism was completed in 1994 and she is co-author of Archaeology and Gender, approaches to Aegean prehistory (published in Greek). Based at the Institute of Archaeology, University of California in Los Angeles, and the Getty Museum in Malibu, she specialises in the Neolithic and Bronze Age of the Aegean and her research interests include pottery studies, religion and symbolism, and gender issues.

Klavs Randsborg is Professor at the Archaeological Institute, University of Copenhagen. He has written several books and many articles on the European and Scandinavian Bronze and Iron Ages, Classical and Roman periods, and the Early Middle Ages in the fields of archaeological chronology, culture and social history, settlement, burial and archaeological interpretation. He has current fieldwork projects in Greece, Russia, Ukraine and West Africa.