Ortlepp - Jim Crow terminals the desegregation ofAmerican airports

Jim Crow Terminals

SERIES EDITORS

Bryant Simon, Temple University
Jane Dailey, University of Chicago

ADVISORY BOARD

Lisa Dorr, University of Alabama
Grace Elizabeth Hale, University of Virginia
Randal Jelks, University of Kansas
Kevin Kruse, Princeton University
Robert Norrell, University of Tennessee
Bruce Schulman, Boston University
Marjorie Spruill, University of South Carolina
J. Mills Thornton, University of Michigan
Allen Tullos, Emory University
Brian Ward, University of Manchester

THE DESEGREGATION OF AMERICAN AIRPORTS

Anke Ortlepp

2017 by the University of Georgia Press

Athens, Georgia 30602

www.ugapress.org

All rights reserved

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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Names: Ortlepp, Anke, author.
Title: Jim Crow terminals : the desegregation of American airports / Anke Ortlepp.

Description: Athens : The University of Georgia Press, [2017] | Includes bibliographical references and index.

Identifiers: LCCN 2017003726| ISBN 9780820350936 (hardback : alk. paper) | ISBN 9780820351216 (pbk. : alk. paper) | ISBN 9780820350943 (ebook)

Subjects: LCSH: AirportsUnited StatesHistory20th century. | Air travelUnited StatesHistory20th century. | Segregation in transportationSouthern States. | Discrimination in public accommodationsSouthern States. | AirportsLaw and legislationUnited States. | African AmericansSegregation.

Classification: LCC HE9797.5.U5 O77 2017 | DDC 387.7/360899607307509045dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2017003726

I owe many thanks and much gratitude to the numerous institutions, colleagues, and friends who have supported me during my research and writing of this book. They have helped me transform an abstract idea into material pages between two covers. I am deeply grateful for the support and encouragement I have received over the years, without which I would not have been able to bring this project to fruition.

I would like to thank the University of Kassel, Ludwigs-Maximilians-University in Munich, the German Historical Institute in Washington, D.C., and the Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum. These institutions provided the institutional and financial support that enabled me to write this book. I was very fortunate to be awarded the National Air and Space Muse-ums Verville Fellowship for 20112012. The museum provided an inspiring and relaxed environment within which to think, talk, and make words. In particular, my thanks go out to Dom Pisano, who encouraged me to apply for the fellowship, supported my work throughout the process, and shared his knowledge of aviation history. I would like to give a shout-out to Collette Williams, who helped me settle in and became my friend. My thanks go to Chandra Bhimull and Jim Thomas, my fellow fellows, who were a wonderful support group. I enjoyed attending the Writers Group, which helped me stay focused. Thanks to Margaret Weitekamp, Paul Ceruzzi, Roger Launius, and Martin Collins for their critical feedback and to Richard Paul for sharing some of the experiences of writing a book.

I would also like to thank the librarians and archivists who helped me access the materials on which my story is based. I am particularly indebted to the staff at the Moorland-Spingarn Research Center at Howard University; at the Law Library, the Science and Business Reading Room, and the Manuscript Division at the Library of Congress; at the National Archives in College Park, Maryland, Atlanta, Georgia, and Fort Worth, Texas; and at the libraries of the Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum, the National Museum of American History, the National Museum of Natural History, and the National Museum of American Art. My thanks also go to Katharina Kloock, who as librarian of the German Historical Institute helped me balance my travel budget by assisting me with interlibrary loans. I would also like to thank Karin Hellmann, Sebastian Knecht, and Christoph Grill at dpa Picture-Alliance for assisting me with my image and permission requests in such speedy fashion. Moreover, I am grateful to Cathy Miller at the National Archives at Atlanta and Bill Fox at the Greenville News for providing image scans and granting permissions.

I would not have been able to write this book without the advice and feedback of my colleagues and friends. Phil Tiemeyer, Michelle Engert, Dom Pisano, and Jim Thomas read drafts. Phil, who shares my enthusiasm for aviation history, also shared materials, good times, and the occasional beer. Michelle shared her legal expertise and good energy. I am also grateful to Steve Hoelscher and Bryant Simon for providing critical commentary and suggesting revisions. Moreover, I profited from the critical feedback from colleagues at conferences and workshops. Whereas any errors I may have produced are exclusively my own fault, my book has become better thanks to the feedback I received.

Furthermore, I would like to thank the University of Georgia Press for bringing my manuscript to publication. I am grateful to Mick Gusinde-Duffy and Beth Snead for their support, for their patience, and for making the review process a productive experience. I am also grateful to Bryant Simon and Jane Dailey for including my book in their book series. And my thanks go to John Joerschke and Thomas Roche, my project editors, who were a pleasure to work with.

I would also like to thank members of my staff at Kassel University and former colleagues at the German Historical Institute. Bryan Hart at the GHI assisted me with the initial research for this project. Jane Parsons-Sauer and Anna Mller helped me put the finishing touches on the manuscript. Jane Parsons-Sauer proofread it, and Anna Mller assisted me in getting permissions for the images that illustrate this book.

I could not have done this without my friends. Uta Balbier, Phil Tiemeyer and Shaun Crouse, Michelle Engert and Michael Brenner, Anna Engelke and Jrg Thadeusz, Marion Schmickler and Frank Whitelock, Collette Williams, Kerstin Schmidt, Katharina Kloock, Richard Wetzell, and Larry Joseph. Thanks for being there!

And last but not least I want to thank my family, who have always encouraged me and enthusiastically participated in my adventures.

Kassel, November 2016

Anke Ortlepp