Schwarzarbeit - Striving for better jobs: the challenge of informality in the Middle East and North Africa

DIRECTIONS IN DEVELOPMENT
Human Development

Roberta Gatti, Diego F. Angel-Urdinola, Joana Silva, and Andrs Bodor

2014 International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank

1818 H Street NW, Washington DC 20433

Telephone: 202-473-1000; Internet: www.worldbank.org

Some rights reserved

1 2 3 4 17 16 15 14

This work is a product of the staff of The World Bank with external contributions. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this work do not necessarily reflect the views of The World Bank, its Board of Executive Directors, or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. The boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply any judgment on the part of The World Bank concerning the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries.

Nothing herein shall constitute or be considered to be a limitation upon or waiver of the privileges and immunities of The World Bank, all of which are specifically reserved.

Rights and Permissions

This work is available under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 IGO license (CC BY 3.0 IGO) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo. Under the Creative Commons Attribution license, you are free to copy, distribute, transmit, and adapt this work, including for commercial purposes, under the following conditions:

AttributionPlease cite the work as follows: Gatti, Roberta, Diego F. Angel-Urdinola, Joana Silva, and Andrs Bodor. 2014. Striving for Better Jobs: The Challenge of Informality in the Middle East and North Africa. Directions in Development. Washington, DC: World Bank. doi:10.1596/978-0-8213-9535-6. License: Creative Commons Attribution CC BY 3.0 IGO

TranslationsIf you create a translation of this work, please add the following disclaimer along with the attribution: This translation was not created by The World Bank and should not be considered an official World Bank translation. The World Bank shall not be liable for any content or error in this translation.

AdaptationsIf you create an adaptation of this work, please add the following disclaimer along with the attribution: This is an adaptation of an original work by The World Bank. Responsibility for the views and opinions expressed in the adaptation rests solely with the author or authors of the adaptation and are not endorsed by The World Bank.

Third-party contentThe World Bank does not necessarily own each component of the content contained within the work. The World Bank therefore does not warrant that the use of any third-party-owned individual component or part contained in the work will not infringe on the rights of those third parties. The risk of claims resulting from such infringement rests solely with you. If you wish to re-use a component of the work, it is your responsibility to determine whether permission is needed for that re-use and to obtain permission from the copyright owner. Examples of components can include, but are not limited to, tables, figures, or images.

All queries on rights and licenses should be addressed to the Publishing and Knowledge Division, The World Bank, 1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433, USA; fax: 202-522-2625; e-mail: .

ISBN (paper): 978-0-8213-9535-6

ISBN (electronic): 978-0-8213-9536-3

DOI: 10.1596/978-0-8213-9535-6

Cover photo: Toufik Berramdane. Used with permission. Further permission required for reuse.

Cover design: Naylor Design

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Striving for better jobs : the challenge of informality in the Middle East and North Africa /

Roberta Gatti... [et al.].

p. cm. (Directions in development)

Includes bibliographical references.

ISBN 978-0-8213-9535-6 (alk. paper) ISBN 978-0-8213-9536-3

1. Informal sector (Economics)Africa, North. 2. Informal sector (Economics)Middle East.

3. Labor marketAfrica, North. 4. Labor marketMiddle East. I. Gatti, Roberta.

II. World Bank.

HD2346.A56S77 2012

331dc23

2012011909