Table of Contents
Praise for The Wages of Destruction
Not since Michael Burleighs equally epochal The Third Reich: A New History in 2000 has a single study shattered lazily unquestioned assumptions about the fundamental motivations of Hitler and the state he created.... (Tooze) displays a masterly control of his vast range of sources, marshaling an awesome array of facts to bolster his boldly revisionist arguments.... This long book is nothing less than a masterpiece that keeps its tight narrative grip until the very end. Adam Tooze has succeeded in making the gloomy science exciting, even enthralling.
Nigel Jones, Sunday Telegraph (London)
It is among Adam Toozes many virtues, in The Wages of Destruction: The Making and Breaking of the Nazi Economy, that he can write about such matters with authority, explaining the technicalities of bombers and battleships. Hovering over his chronicle are two extraordinary questions: how Germany managed to last as long as it did before the collapse of 1945 and why, under Hitler, it thought it could achieve supremacy at all.
Norman Stone, The Wall Street Journal
Toozes story is far more realistic than the cartoonish tale Americans are told about Hitler aspiring to take over the world.... This is an unusual book about Nazi Germany, well-researched and well-argued.
Bruce Ramsey, The Seattle Times
(A) masterful economic history of the Third Reich.... His painstakingly researched, astonishingly erudite study not only uncovers new explanatory strands for the events that led to and ended the war, but smashes a gallery of preconceptions on the way.
Bertrand Benoit, Financial Times
The originality of the book, and what labels it as a performance of the twenty-first century, is the overwhelming role Tooze accords the United States as a figment of Hitlers fears and imagination.... Following on from this, and far more controversially, Tooze argues that given the disposition of industrial power in the world and his racist ideology, Hitler was correct to act as he did.
James Buchan, The Guardian (London)
Virtually every page of his book contains something new and thought-provoking, making the whole an impressive achievement, in which original research has been combined with critical scrutiny of a vast literature that seems ripe for such a reexamination.
Michael Burleigh, The Sunday Times (London)
Tooze has produced the most striking history of German strategy in the Second World War that we possess. This is an extraordinary achievement, and it places Adam Tooze in a very select company of historians indeed.... Tooze has given us a masterpiece which will be read, and admired; and it will stimulate others for a long time to come.
Nicholas Stargardt, History Today
ABOUT THE AUTHOR
Adam Tooze teaches in the history faculty, University of Cambridge, where he is the Hart Fellow in History at Jesus College. He grew up in London and Heidelberg, West Germany. He was educated in Germany and England before taking a double first in economics from Kings College, Cambridge. He has a Ph.D. from the London School of Economics. In 2002 he was awarded the Philip Leverhulme Prize in modern history.
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First published in Great Britain by Allen Lane, an imprint of Penguin Books Ltd 2006
First published in the United States of America by Viking Penguin,
a member of Penguin Group (USA) Inc. 2007
Published in Penguin Books (UK) 2007
Published in Penguin Books (USA) 2008
Copyright Adam Tooze, 2006
All rights reserved
ISBN : 978-1-101-56495-0
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This book is dedicated to my grandparents
Peggy and Arthur Wynn
with thanks for the example they have always provided
Sources for Charts
Chart 1. Statistisches Jahrbuch f.d. Deutsche Reich, various editions
Chart 2. IfK, Konjunkturstatistisches Handbuch 1936 (Berlin, 1935), p. 135
Chart 3. IfK, Konjunkturstatistisches Handbuch 1936 (Berlin, 1935), pp. 91, 93
Chart 4. Statistisches Jahrbuch f.d. Deutsche Reich, various editions
Chart 5. IfK, Konjunkturstatistisches Handbuch 1936 (Berlin, 1935), pp. 5259
Chart 6. M. Spoerer, Von Scheingewinn zum Ruestungsboom (Stuttgart, 1996), p. 147
Chart 7. Ritschl & Spoerer, Das Bruttosozialprodukt, JBW (1997/2), pp. 2754
Chart 8. Statistisches Jahrbuch f.d. Deutsche Reich, various editions and Statistisches Handbuck von Deutschland
Chart 9. BAL R 3102 3154
Chart 10. BAMA RL3/2617, IWM EDS 71
Chart 11. IWM Eds Mi. 14/521, Box 71
Chart 12. SRA, Monatlicher Nachweis ueber den Auswaertigen Handel (1939) and subsequent years
Chart 13. Statistisches Jahrbuch f.d. Deutsche Reich, various editions
Chart 14. Adam Tooze, Arming the Reich
Chart 15. Statistisches Jahrbuch f.d. Deutsche Reich, various editions
Chart 16. B. R. Mitchell, European Historical Statistics 17501970 (New York, 1975), pp. 362, 365, 399400
Chart 17. Adam Tooze, Arming the Reich
Chart 18. Krengel, Anlagevermoegen (W. Berlin, 1958), p. 94
Chart 19. Overmans, Deutsche militaerische Verluste im Zweiten Weltkrieg (Oldenbourg, 1999) p. 278
Chart 20. Adam Tooze, Arming the Reich; BAMA RH81 1023, 1055
Chart 21. Budrass, Flugzeugindustrie (Duesseldorf, 1998), pp. 844846
Chart 22. Appendix 6
List of Illustrations
Photographic acknowledgements are given in parentheses.
1. Negotiation: Gustav Stresemann with Count Zech during the Young-Plan negotiations, August 1929 (Ullstein Bild, Berlin)
2. The one-room apartment of an unemployed miner, April 1931 (Ullstein Bild, Berlin)
3. Hitler starts work on the first Autobahn September 1933
4. Hitler and Hjalmar Schacht, May 1934 (AKG-Images, London)
5. Walter Darr and Herbert Backe (Ullstein Bild, Berlin)
6. Germanys new tanks at the Nuremberg party rally, September 1935 (Ullstein Bild, Berlin)