1879 | Wilhelm Wundt establishes first formal psychology laboratory at the University of Leipzig. |
1885 | Sir Francis Galton establishes first mental testing center at the South Kensington Museum, London. |
1890 | James McKeen Cattell coins the term mental test . |
1892 | American Psychological Association (APA) founded. |
1895 | Breuer and Freud publish Studies in Hysteria . |
1896 | Lightner Witmer founds first psychological clinic, University of Pennsylvania. |
1905 | Binet-Simon Intelligence Scale published in France. |
1907 | Witmer founds first clinical journal, The Psychological Clinic . |
1908 | First clinical internship offered at Vineland Training School. |
1909 | William Healy founds first child-guidance center, the Juvenile Psychopathic Institute, Chicago. |
Freud lectures at Clark University. |
1910 | Goddard's English translation of the 1908 revision of the Binet-Simon Intelligence Scale published. |
1912 | J.B. Watson publishes Psychology as a Behaviorist Views It . |
1916 | Terman's Stanford-Binet Intelligence Test published. |
1917 | Clinicians break away from APA to form American Association of Clinical Psychology (AACP). |
1919 | AACP rejoins APA as its clinical section. |
1920 | Watson and Rayner demonstrate that a child's fear can be learned. |
1921 | James McKeen Cattell forms Psychological Corporation. |
1924 | Mary Cover Jones employs learning principles to remove children's fears. |
1931 | Clinical section of APA appoints committee on training standards. |
1935 | Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) published. |
1937 | Clinical section of APA breaks away to form American Association for Applied Psychology (AAAP). |
1938 | First Buros Mental Measurement Yearbook published. |
1939 | Wechsler-Bellevue Intelligence Test published. |
1942 | Carl Rogers publishes Counseling and Psychotherapy , outlining an alternative to psychodynamic therapy. |
1943 | Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) published. |
1945 | AAAP rejoins APA. |
Journal of Clinical Psychology published. |
Connecticut State Board of Examiners in Psychology issues first certificate to practice psychology. |
1946 | Veterans Administration and National Institute of Mental Health begin support for training of clinical psychologists. |
1947 | American Board of Examiners in Professional Psychology organized. |
Shakow Report recommends clinical training standards to APA. |
1949 | Colorado conference on training in clinical psychology convenes, recommends Boulder Model. |
1950 | APA publishes first standards for approved internships in clinical psychology. |
1952 | American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-I) published. |
1953 | APA's Ethical Standards for Psychologists published. |
1955 | Wechsler Adult Intelligence Test published. |
1956 | Stanford Training Conference. |
1958 | Miami Training Conference. |
Clinical Division of APA holds NIMH-sponsored conference about research on psychotherapy. |
1959 | The first psychotherapy benefit in a prepaid insurance plan appears. |
1965 | Chicago Training Conference. |
1968 | Psy.D. training program begins at the University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign. |
Second edition of DSM ( DSM-II ) published. |
Committee on Health Insurance begins campaign to allow payment of clinical psychologists' services by health insurance plans without requiring medical supervision. |
1969 | California School of Professional Psychology founded. |
APA begins publication of the journal, Professional Psychology . |
1970 | Department of Defense health insurance program authorizes payment of clinical psychologists' services without medical referral. |
Classes begin at California School of Professional Psychology, the first independent clinical psychology training program in the United States |
1971 | Council for the Advancement of Psychological Professions and Sciences, a political advocacy group for clinical psychology, is organized. |
Journal of Clinical Child Psychology published. |
1972 | Menninger Conference on Postdoctoral Education in Clinical Psychology. |
1973 | Vail, Colorado, Training Conference. |
1974 | National Register of Health Service Providers in Psychology established. |
Federal government allows payment for clinical psychologists' services to its employees without medical supervision or referral. |
APA establishes Standards for Providers of Psychological Services . |
First Inter-American Congress of Clinical Psychology held in Porto Alegre, Brazil. |
1977 | All fifty U.S. states have certification or licensing laws for clinical psychologists. |
1980 | Third edition of DSM ( DSM-III ) published. |
Smith, Glass, and Miller publish The Benefits of Psychotherapy . |
Blue Shield health insurance companies in Virginia successfully sued for refusing to pay for clinical psychologists' services to people covered by their plans. |
1981 | APA publishes its revised Ethical Principles of Psychologists . |
1983 | Joint Commission for the Accreditation of Hospitals allows clinical psychologists to become members of hospital medical staffs. |
1987 | DSM-III-R published. |
Conference on graduate education in psychology, Salt Lake City, Utah. |
1988 | American Psychological Society formed. |
1990 | California Supreme Court affirms right of clinical psychologists to independently admit, diagnose, treat, and release mental patients without medical supervision. |
Dick McFall publishes Manifesto for a Science of Clinical Psychology. |
1993 | Commander John L. Sexton and Lt. Commander Morgan T. Sammons complete psychopharmacology program at Walter Reed Army Medical Center, becoming first psychologists legally permitted to prescribe psychoactive drugs. |
1994 | DSM-IV published. |
Amendment to Social Security Act guarantees psychologists the right to independent practice and payment for hospital services under Medicare. |
Academy of Psychological Clinical Science is established. |
1995 | APA task force of clinical psychologists publishes list of empirically validated psychological therapies and calls for students to be trained to use them. |
1996 | Dorothy W. Cantor becomes first president of APA to hold the Psy.D. rather than the Ph.D. |
2000 | DSM-IV-TR published. |
2002 | New Mexico grants prescription privileges to specially trained clinical psychologists. |