Zixing Cai - Artificial Intelligence: From Beginning to Date

ARTIFICIAL
INTELLIGENCE

From Beginning to Date

ARTIFICIAL
INTELLIGENCE

From Beginning to Date

Zixing Cai

Central South University and Hunan ZIXING Al Academy, China

Lijue Liu

Central South University and Hunan ZIXING Al Academy, China

Baifan Chen

Central South University and Hunan ZIXING Al Academy, China

Yong Wang

Central South University, China

Published by

World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd.

5 Toh Tuck Link, Singapore 596224

USA office: 27 Warren Street, Suite 401-402, Hackensack, NJ 07601

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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Names: Cai, Zixing, 1938 author. | Liu, Lijue, author. | Chen, Baifan, author. | Wang, Yong, 1980, author.

Title: Artificial intelligence : from beginning to date / Zixing Cai, Lijue Liu, Baifan Chen, Yong Wang, Central South University, China.

Other titles: Ren gong zhi neng ji qi ying yong. English

Description: [Beijing] : Tsinghua University Press ; Singapore ; Hackensack : World Scientific, [2021] | English edition developed and updated from the Chinese work Artificial intelligence and its applications (Ren gong zhi neng ji qi ying yong). |
Includes bibliographical references and index.

Identifiers: LCCN 2020034704 | ISBN 9789811223716 (hardcover) | ISBN 9789811223723 (ebook for institutions) | ISBN 9789811223730 (ebook for individuals)

Subjects: LCSH: Artificial intelligence--History.

Classification: LCC Q334 .C3518 2021 | DDC 006.309--dc23

LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2020034704

British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.

Artificial Intelligence: From Beginning to Date

Copyright 2021 by World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd. Under exclusive license by Tsinghua University Press Limited.

The print edition is not for sale within the Mainland of China.

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To my family Huan, Jingfeng, Qingbo, Yufeng, Xiaoxue
Tianyun, Andrew Tianyu, Grace Tianjiao, and Tianle

Zixing Cai

To my family Mengheng, Quqing, Yue, Yuliu

Lijue Liu

To my family Mars, Xunhao, and Xunzhi

Baifan Chen

To my family Yang, Qingche, and Qingtian

Yong Wang

Foreword

In May 1983, I went to Purdue University in the United States to study artificial intelligence under the direction of Professor K.S. Fu, a member of the National Academy of Engineering Sciences, an international pioneer in artificial intelligence, and the father of international pattern recognition. Under the advice and guidance of Academician K.S. Fu, Guangyou Xu, and I edited and wrote a book, Artificial Intelligence and Its Applications. It was published by Tsinghua University Press in 1987 and became the first published artificial intelligence book with independent intellectual property rights in China. This book has played a major role in promoting the spread and development of artificial intelligence in China in the past 35 years. I deeply miss and thank Professor Fu, Professor Wenjun Wu and Professor Tong Chang, and deeply thank to Dr. Jian Song and Professor Yanda Li.

As a frontier and interdisciplinary subject, artificial intelligence has been advancing with the times along with the progress of world society and the development of science and technology. It has made great progress in the past 60 years. In recent years, a new round of artificial intelligence research and entrepreneurial climax has emerged, pushing the development of artificial intelligence into a new era. New artificial intelligence algorithms represented by deep learning promote the widespread application of artificial intelligence, and the industrialization of artificial intelligence has also risen to new heights.

At present, there is a lack of monographs at home and abroad that fully reflect the latest developments in artificial intelligence. People hope to have such a book available. The book should not only have a novel system architecture, fully reflect the scientific and technological connotation of artificial intelligence, but also highlight the innovative development of artificial intelligence and guide its application. WSPC advised us to publish a new monograph on artificial intelligence at the right time. After reviewing and discussing our Publication Proposal, on the recommendation of AI experts such as Dr. A. Ng and Dr. J.H. Zheng, as well as the recommendation of IEEE Fellow Dr. YC Jin and IEEE Fellow Dr. L.C. Jiao, the publishers agreed to compile and publish a new artificial intelligence monograph named Artificial Intelligence: From Beginning to Date, and proposed a new architecture and related content.

This book covers a wide range of topics in artificial intelligence and has three characteristics. First, this book is a systematic and comprehensive book covering the core technologies of artificial intelligence, including the basic theories and techniques of traditional artificial intelligence, and the basic principles and methods of computational intelligence. Secondly, this book pays attention to innovation, focusing on the introduction of machine learning, especially deep learning technology and other artificial intelligence learning methods that have been widely used in recent years. Third, the theory and practice of this book are highly integrated. There are theories, techniques, methods, and many examples of deep learning applications that can help readers understand the theory of artificial intelligence and its application development.

This book is divided into three parts, following the introductory personnel, and a valuable reference book for undergraduate and graduate students to learn artificial intelligence.

In the process of writing this book, we have referred to hundreds of references, citing some of their materials, so that this book can draw on the strengths of each family, more comprehensively reflecting the latest developments in various fields of artificial intelligence. In , each chapter focuses on X.A. Bao, Siyu Guo, J. Johnson, Fei-Fei Li, L.J. Li, J.D. Lu, A.Y. Ng, D. Wu, as well as Z.H. Zhou, etc. in deep learning application research examples. Their works or discussions with them have provided rich nutrition for this book, which has greatly benefited us. We express our heartfelt thanks to them. We also wish to sincerely thank Dr. A. Ng and Dr. JH Zheng and other experts for their important suggestions on the content organization of this book, as well as IEEE Fellow Dr. Y.C Jin and IEEE Fellow Dr. L.C. Jiao, who strongly recommend the topic selection of this book. Special thanks to Dr. J.F. Cai for his strong support and help in the work of this book.