M. E. Sarotte - Not One Inch: America, Russia, and the Making of Post-Cold War Stalemate

THE HENRY L. STIMSON LECTURES SERIES

OTHER BOOKS BY THE AUTHOR

Dealing with the Devil: East Germany, Dtente, and Ostpolitik, 19691973

German Military Reform and European Security

1989: The Struggle to Create PostCold War Europe

The Collapse: The Accidental Opening of the Berlin Wall

German Reunification: A Multinational History, with Frdric Bozo and Andreas Rdder

America, Russia, and the Making of PostCold War Stalemate

M. E. SAROTTE

The Henry L. Stimson Lectures at the Whitney and Betty
MacMillan Center for International and Area Studies at Yale

Published with assistance from the Kingsley
Trust Association Publication Fund established
by the Scroll and Key Society of Yale College.

Copyright 2021 by M. E. Sarotte.
All rights reserved.

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Library of Congress Control Number: 2021938889

ISBN 978-0-300-25993-3 (hardcover: alk. paper)

A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.

This paper meets the requirements of ANSI/NISO Z39.48-1992 (Permanence of Paper).

for my transatlantic family

Marc, Sylvia, and Tim Jonni Scheffler
Claus-Dieter and the late Rita Wulf

and for
Mark

a man of sense judges the new events by the past

SOPHOCLES, Oedipus Rex, 916

THIS BOOKS RELIANCE ON EVIDENCE in languages other than English creates challenges in spelling proper nouns in the main text. In the interest of producing a clearly written English-language account, I have adopted anglicized versions of frequently cited place names, such as Pristina for Prishtin or Pritina, and Visegrad for Visegrd. I also refer to East Germany and West Germany, although these exact names are relatively infrequent in the original German-language sources from the Cold War. Those sources generally refer to the eastern half of the divided country by its formal name, the German Democratic Republic or GDR, and to the western half as the Federal Republic of Germany or FRG. I also use East Berlin for the capital of East Germany, although the ruling regime generally called its half of the divided city Berlin. A further complication arises from the fact that, after unification on October 3, 1990, newly reunited Germany kept the former West German name, so references to the FRG after that date describe the united country. With regard to individuals, I have tried to provide names in the original spelling where feasible (that is, if there are no common English equivalents and the original is not in a different alphabet).

Contests over borders create further complications. After Ukraines December 1, 1991 vote to break away from the Soviet Union, this book switches the spelling of the capital city from Kiev to the version preferred by the newly independent state, Kyiv. Another contested issue was the status of the three Baltic countries during the Soviet era; neither they nor the United States (among other countries) recognized their incorporation into the USSR. Moscow dominated the Baltics nonetheless, and they were commonly shown as part of the Soviet Union on maps. Bearing the non-recognition in mind, this book follows the convention of showing the Baltics as part of the USSR after their incorporation. Finally, due to the scale of the maps as printed and the resulting small size of some locationssuch as Andorra, the Vatican, and some islandsmarkings on some of the smallest places and borders may vary slightly or be omitted; such minor variations are for visual clarity of the map as a whole and do not carry geopolitical implications.