Municipalities and Community Participation
A Sourcebook for Capacity Building
First published by Earthscan in the UK and USA in 2000
Originally published in 1999 by GHK International
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Copyright Janelle Plummer, 1999
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers.
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
ISBN: 978-1-85383-744-9 (pbk)
Design and layout by Brightmark, Pretoria
Cover design by Deirdre Bartie
Cover photographs (left to right) by GHK International, DFID, Andrew Cotton
This book originates from a research project funded by the UK Department for International Development (DFID).
The views expressed are not necessarily those of DFID
Various people were involved in the research phase that led to this publication and many others in the development and production of the final sourcebook. 1 am indebted to them all for their contributions, assistance, support and encouragement.
I would particularly like to acknowledge the local and UK collaborators for their research contributions: Mr Mihir Bhatt, Community Action Manning, Mr Ahmed Eiweida, Ms Sharadbala Joshi, Mr Rajendra Joshi, Mr K Gopalakrishnan, Sue Phillips, Richard Slater, Phillip Amis and Kevin Tayler. Thanks must also go to all those municipal officials, community representatives and other key informants who provided the wealth of experience documented in the case studies.
To those who helped to clarify and focus the framework and kindly commented on the final draft, 1 am very grateful, at the same time as taking full responsibility for this final version. I would particularly like to thank Sue Phillips, Social Development Consultant, for her generous support and ongoing comments and inputs; Richard Slater, 1DD Birmingham, for his valuable and fitting illustrative material; and Mark Harvey for his tireless proof-reading. Thanks must also go to Jelle Van Gijn and John Kirke at GHK for facilitating the final stages of the work; Deirdr Bartie for the great care and attention to the design and layout of the final publication; and Jonathan Sinclair Wilson and Frances MacDermott at Earthscan for all their efforts.
I would also like to thank the Infrastructure and Urban Development Department at DFID for the Knowledge and Research Programme funding which made this research, the final sourcebook and further dissemination possible. Thanks to Michael Mutter and Peter Roberts for their assistance. 1 am also very grateful to all those professionals, officials, donors and project staff who have requested copies of the first edition and made this Earthscan edition possible.
My greatest thanks to Tommy and Mark Harvey for their patience and unending support, without which the publication of this work would not have been possible.
Janelle Plummer
July 2000
The case studies carried out for the Building Municipal Capacity for Community Participation research project provided the basis for the municipal experiences described in this sourcebook. The boxed illustrations throughout the text draw heavily on these case studies. The authors and researchers for each study referenced in the text were:
- Ahmedabad: Mihir Bhatt and Janelle Plummer with Rajendra Joshi
- Bangalore: Richard Slater
- Cochin: Janelle Plummer and Mr K Gopalakrishnan
- Colombo: Richard Slater
- Faisalabad: Community Action Planning and Kevin Tayler
- Kerala: Mr K Gopalakrishnan and Janelle Plummer
- Nasriya: Ahmed Eiweida and Kevin Tayler
- Shrouk: Kevin Tayler and Ahmed Eiweida
- Surat: Sharadbala Joshi and Janelle Plummer
- Visakhapatnam: Sue Phillips
Contents
by David Satterthwaite
ADS | Area Development Society |
AMC | Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation |
BUPP | Bangalore Urban Poverty Project |
CAP | Community Action Planning |
CBO | Community Based Organisation |
CD | Community Development |
CDC | Community Development Committee |
CDD | Community Development Department |
CDO | Community Development Officer |
CDS | Community Development Society |
CHIS | Chinagadili Habitat Improvement Scheme |
CMC | Colombo Municipal Corporation |
CMOH | Chief Medical Officer of Health |
CO | Community Organiser |
CoC | Corporation of Cochin |
CUPRP | Cochin Urban Poverty Reduction Project |
DFID | Department for International Development |
DPC | District Planning Committee |
EIDS | Environment Improvement in Urban Slums |
FDA | Faisalabad Development Corporation |
FMC | Faisalabad Municipal Corporation |
GO | Governmental Organisation |
GoI | Government of India |
GTZ | Deutsche Gesellschaft fr Technische Zusammenarbeit |
HI | Health Inspector |
IAS | Indian Administrative Service |
ILGUS | Institute for Local Government and Urban Studies |
JPHN | Junior Public Health Nurse |
KILA | Kerala Institute of Local Administration |
KMA | Kerala Municipal Act |
FDA | Faisalabad Development Authority |
KPPC | Kerala Peoples Planning Campaign |
MCV | Municipal Corporation of Visakhapatnam |
MoUAE | Ministry of Urban Affairs and Employment |
NGO | Non-Governmental Organisation |
NHC | Neighbourhood Committee |
NHDA | National Housing Development Authority |
NHG | Neighbourhood Group |
NUP | Nasriya Upgrading Project |
ODA | Overseas Development Administration |
PALM | Participatory Action and Learning Methods |
PHD | Public Health Department |
PMU | Project Management Unit |
PRA | Participatory Rural Appraisal |
PSC | Project Steering Committee |
PSU | Project Support Unit |
Rs | Rupees |
SAP | Sector Action Plan |
SIP | Slum Improvement Project |
SJSRY | Swarna Jaynati Shahari Rojgar Yojana |
SMC | Surat Municipal Corporation |
SMT | Slum Management Team |
SNP | Slum Networking Project |
SO | Social Organiser |
SPC | State Planning Committee |
UBSP | Urban Basic Services Programme |
UCD | Urban Community Development Department |