Usman A Tar - Routledge Handbook of Counterterrorism and Counterinsurgency in Africa

This book illustrates how Africas defence and security domains have been radically altered by drastic changes in world politics and local ramifications.

First, the contributions of numerous authors highlight the transnational dimensions of counterterrorism and counterinsurgency in Africa and reveal the roles played by African states and regional organisations in the global war on terror. Second, the volume critically evaluates the emerging regional architectures of countering terrorism, insurgency, and organised violence on the continent through the African Union Counterterrorism Framework (AU-CTF) and Regional Security Complexes (RSC). Third, the book sheds light on the counterterrorism and counterinsurgency (CT-COIN) structures and mechanisms established by specific African states to contain, degrade, and eliminate terrorism, insurgency, and organised violence on the continent, particularly the successes, constraints, and challenges of the emerging CT-COIN mechanisms. Finally, the volume highlights the entry of non-state actors such as civil society, volunteer groups, private security companies, and defence contractors into the theatre of counterterrorism and counterinsurgency in Africa through volunteerism, community support for state-led CT-COIN Operations, and civil-military cooperation (CIMIC).

This book will be of use to students and scholars of security studies, African studies, international relations, and terrorism studies, and to practitioners of development, defence, security, and strategy.

Usman A. Tar is Distinguished Endowed Professor of Defence and Security Studies at the Nigerian Defence Academy, and Director of the Academys flagship Centre for Defence Studies and Documentation (CDSD).

The Routledge Handbook
of Counterterrorism and
Counterinsurgency in Africa

Edited by Usman A. Tar

First published 2021

by Routledge

2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN

and by Routledge

52 Vanderbilt Avenue, New York, NY 10017

Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business

2021 selection and editorial matter, Usman A. Tar; individual chapters, the contributors

The right of Usman A. Tar to be identified as the author of the editorial material, and of the authors for their individual chapters, has been asserted in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers.

Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe.

British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data

A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

A catalog record has been requested for this book

ISBN: 978-1-138-57539-4 (hbk)

ISBN: 978-1-351-27192-9 (ebk)

Typeset in Bembo

by MPS Limited, Dehradun

To the victims of terrorism and their families for bearing the cost of madness, and to humanitarian relief workers who provide succor and hope to the victims of terrorism across the world.

We eulogize four distinguished scholars of African Defence and Security who either contributed a chapter or provided suggestions for improving the book manuscript, but did not live to see this Handbook - Professor Haruna Wakili, Professor Chukwuma Osakwe, Professor Moses Tedheke, and Professor Habu Galadima. In their mentorship and scholarship of engagement, they bequeathed a legacy that lives on.

PART I
Conceptual perspectives

PART II
Transnational perspectives

PART III
Regional perspectives

PART IV
National perspectives

PART V
Alternative perspectives

In the course of working on this book project, I have incurred debts of appreciation to a number of people and organisations who provided selfless support. First, my employers the Nigerian Ministry of Defence (MOD) and Nigerian Defense Academy (NDA) granted me exceptional institutional support to see this manuscript completed. The Commandant, Major General Jamil Sarham proved himself as a pro-intellectual and pro-knowledge enterprise Chief Executive Officer of the Academy. I am equally grateful to the following senior colleagues in the Academy for their invaluable support and patience while we were working on this project: Professor Isa Garba, the Academy Provost; Professor Azubike Sonny Nwankwo; Prof OE Tangban, Prof CN Ubah, Prof AO Ahmed, Prof SC Osuala, Prof SA Ochoche; Prof DO Alabi, Prof IO Mbachu, Prof MEU Tedheke, Prof Usman Mohd, Prof YA Umar; Prof Mohammed Onimisi; Prof IA Imam, Prof CC Osakwe, Prof Ayuba Kwasau, Prof Joel Ajibua, Prof MS Abdulsalam, Prof JK Aremu, Prof Terzungwe Nyor, Prof Joshua Okpanachi, Prof Suleiman Saad, Dr VS Akran and Air Cdr (Prof) PA Agashua.

I offer my sincere appreciation to the following external colleagues, some of whom read portions of this volume and made valuable suggestions: Prof Alfred Zack-Williams (University of Central Lancashire, UK), Prof Kenneth Omeje (University of Johannesburg South Africa), Prof Usman Gbla (Fourah Bay College, University of Sierra Leone); Prof Rita Abrahamsen (University of Ottawa, Canada); Prof Ebenezer Obadare (University of Kansas, USA), Prof Cyril Obi (Social Science Research Council, USA), Prof Usman Gbla (Fourah Bay College, University of Sierra Leone); Prof Celestine Oyom Bassey (University of Calabar, Nigeria), Prof Rauf Ayo Dunmoye (ABU, Zaria, Nigeria), Prof Paul Pindar Izzah (ABU, Zaria, Nigeria), Prof Kayode Omojuwa (ABU, Zaria, Nigeria), Prof Aja Akpuru-Aja (Abia State University, Uturu, Nigeria), Prof Sam Egwu, Prof Nanven Audu Gambo (University of Jos, Nigeria), Prof Habu Mohammed and Prof Umar Pateh (Bayero University of Kano, Nigeria), Prof Albert Isaac Olawale (University of Ibadan, Nigeria), and Prof Yusuf Zoaka, Prof Kabiru Mato and Prof Abdulhamid Suleiman-Ozohu (all of the University of Abuja, Nigeria), Prof OBC Nwolise (University of Ibadan, Abuja), Prof Abdullahi Ashafa (Kaduna State University).