Joe Moore - The Other Japan: Democratic Promise Versus Capitalist Efficiency, 1945 to the Present

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THE OTHER
J APAN

Japan in the Modern World

Series Editor: Mark Selden

Laura Hein and Mark Selden, eds.
Living With the Bomb:
American and Japanese Cultural Conflicts in the Nuclear Age

Joe Moore, ed.
The Other Japan:
Conflict, Compromise, and Resistance Since 1945 New Edition

Gavan McCormack
The Emptiness of Japanese Affluence
Foreword by Norma Field

AMPO, ed.
Voices from the Japanese Womens Movement
Foreword by Charlotte Bunch

Kyoko and Mark Selden, eds. and trs.
Foreword by Robert Jay Lifton, M.D.
The Atomic Bomb:
Voices from Hiroshima and Nagasaki

NAKAMURA Masanori
The Japanese Monarchy, 19311991
Translated by Herbert Bix et. al

_______________________

The calligraphy that graces the title page and section title pages is by Kyoko Selden. Most of the other graphics and their captions were provided by Nancy and Bill Doub of the Bulletin of Concerned Asian Scholars.

THE OTHER
J APAN

Conflict, Compromise,
and Resistance
Since 1945

New Edition

Edited with and introduction by
Joe Moore for the Bulletin of
Concerned Asian Scholars

Published 2015 by Routledge

2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX 14 4RN
711 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10017, USA

Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business

Copyright 1997 Taylor & Francis. All rights reserved.

No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers.

Notices
No responsibility is assumed by the publisher for any injury and/or damage to persons or property as a matter of products liability, negligence or otherwise, or from any use of operation of any methods, products, instructions or ideas contained in the material herein.

Practitioners and researchers must always rely on their own experience and knowledge in evaluating and using any information, methods, compounds, or experiments described herein. In using such information or methods they should be mindful of their own safety and the safety of others, including parties for whom they have a professional responsibility.

Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe.

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publicatton Data

The other Japan : conflict, compromise, and resistance since 1945 / edited with an introduction by Joe B. Moore for the Bulletin of concerned Asian scholars.New ed.
p. cm.
An East Gate Book.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 1-56324-867-0 (alk. paper).ISBN 1-56324-868-9 (pbk.: alk. paper)
1. JapanSocial conditions1945- .
2. JapanEconomic conditions1945- .
I. Moore, Joe, 1939- .
II. Bulletin of concerned Asian scholars.
HN723.5.076 1996
306'.0952dc20
96-35872
CIP

ISBN 13: 9781563248689 (pbk)
ISBN 13: 9781563248672 (hbk)

Contents

Joe Moore

John Price

Brett de Bary

Translated and introduced by Tamae K. Prindle

Brian (Daizen) Victoria

Translated by Christopher Stevens

Muto Ichiyo

Ohno Kazuoki

Rob Steven

Yuki Tanaka

Atsumi Reiko

John Lie

Watanabe Kazuko

Kenneth J. Ruoff

Translated and introduced by Richard H. Minear

Joe Moore

Japan in the nineties appears to the world to be tarnished, perhaps badly flawed. For a decade or more the treatment of Japan in news spots, articles, and books has become more critical, even harsh, with pundits, politicians, management gurus, and academics switching from urging upon the West wholesale borrowing of Japanese ways to pointing with alarm at the unfairness of Japanese capitalisms way of doing business abroad and at home. The reevaluation of Japan has been driven by changes in the global economic and political situation since the mid 1970s, the most obvious of which have been Japans rise to global economic power in counterpoint to U.S. economic decline, the emergence of China as the coming capitalist miracle, the breakup of the U.S.S.R. and ending of the Cold War, and, most recently, Japanese economic stagnation in the nineties.

The Japan establishment in the United States has gone from patronizing Japan as an imitator, through acclaiming it as an economic and social miracle to be copied, to attacking it as an adversarial trader with an enigmatic culture alien to liberal values, to bemusement if not sly amusement over Japans stagnation after the bursting of the bubble economy of the 1980s. One thread seems to run through most such broad characterizationsJapan is the other. Politics, labor relations, the family, relations between the sexes, education, foreign policyyou name it and there is a prominent cultural interpretation of Japanese behavior that sets it apart from the rest of the world as the other, especially from the presumed universality of the West. A parallel thread is that the other within Japan is seen as amounting to a few unfortunates left outside of the embrace of middle-class culture by race or circumstance.

For the writers of the chapters collected here, the other is far more concrete than the sweeping and all-inclusive cultural otherness so often used to explain Japan; and far more vital than the developmentalist view that there are always a few victims of progress. The other Japan of this volume stands for the really existing people who make up the majority, not merely a lower-class or deviant fringe alienated from an all-encompassing massive middle class. These are peopie who lead lives of difficulty, who must struggle to get by and achieve a measure of dignity. The other Japan is neither a class, nor the people. It is not a coherent social group in the conventional sense, and may best be defined, perhaps, as those men and women who have borne the heaviest costs of the postwar alliance of patriarchy with growth-at-all-costs capitalist developmentand who have resisted frontally and indirectly being made victims of a capitalist society careening toward total commodification of human existence.

The women and men of the other Japan stand against a system and an elite that would deny them control over their own circumstances and destinies for the greater good of family, firm, or country. It is made up of a tremendous variety of people and groups who have alternately resisted and been submerged by the tide of commercialization and creeping incorporation of all spheres of life into the sphere of patriarchal corporate capitalism. These are the people who see their farms and villages becoming housing tracts or airports as at Sanrizuka, their fishing villages and coastal waters turned into industrial complexes that poison the environment as at Minamata, and their neighborhoods and shops becoming mansions and chain stores. They know the reality of a kind of development that does not reckon human costs in human terms. The other Japan is difficult to define because it is constantly being formed and reformed in a complex interplay of changing elite strategies for achieving economic growth and social control and of recurring efforts from below to regain control of personal lives.

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