Allen D. Hertzke - The Atomistic Congress: Interpretation of Congressional Change

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THE ATOMISTIC CONGRESS

The Atomistic Congress

An Interpretation of Congressional Change

Allen D. Hertzke
Ronald M. Peters, Jr.

First published 1992 by M.E. Sharpe

Published 2015 by Routledge

2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN

711 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10017, USA

Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business

Copyright 1992 Taylor & Francis. All rights reserved.

No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers.

Notices
No responsibility is assumed by the publisher for any injury and/or damage to persons or property as a matter of products liability, negligence or otherwise, or from any use of operation of any methods, products, instructions or ideas contained in the material herein.

Practitioners and researchers must always rely on their own experience and knowledge in evaluating and using any information, methods, compounds, or experiments described herein. In using such information or methods they should be mindful of their own safety and the safety of others, including parties for whom they have a professional responsibility.

Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe.

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

The Atomistic Congress: an interpretation of congressional change / [edited] by Allen D. Hertzke and Ronald M. Peters, Jr.
p. cm.

"Based upon an April 1990 Carl Albert Center conference, commemorating the bicentennial of the United States Congress and the centennial of the University of Oklahoma"Pref.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 0873328701 (cloth).
ISBN 0-87332-871-X (paperback).
1. United States. CongressCongresses.
I. Hertzke, Allen D., 1950.
II. Peters, Ronald M.

III. Carl Albert Congressional Research and Studies Center.
JK1021.A86 1992
328.73'09dc20
9112342
CIP

ISBN 13: 9780873328715 (pbk)
ISBN 13: 9780873328708 (hbk)

Dedication

The editors and contributors to this volume dedicate it to the Honorable Carl B. Albert, forty-sixth Speaker of the United States House of Representatives, in honor of his service to his country.

Contents

Allen D. Hertzke and Ronald M. Peters, Jr.

1 The Presidential Pulse of Congressional Elections, 1868-1988

James E. Campbell

2 The Emergence of the Republican Party in the South, from 1964 to 1988

David T. Canon

3 Changing Patterns of African-American Representation in Congress

Carol M. Swain

4 Quality Candidates in House and Senate Elections, from 1982 to 1990

L. Sandy Maisel

5 The Growth of the Committee System, from Randall to Gillett Charles

Charles Stewart III

6 Reed and Rostenkowski: Congressional Leadership in Institutional Time

Randall Strahan

7 Agenda Change and Partisan Resurgence in the House of Representatives

David W. Rohde

8 The Evolution of Party Leadership in the Modem House

Barbara Sinclair

9 Senate Democratic Leadership in the 101 st Congress

Donald C. Baumer

Proportion of Amendments Adopted, Controlling for Which Party Favored Amendments and for Issues: 92d100th Congresses (Consensual Votes Excluded)

Mean Party Difference on Amendment Votes, Controlling for Which Party Favored Amendments and for Issues: 92d100th Congresses (Consensual Votes Excluded)

Proportion of Democrat-Favored Bills and Joint Resolutions, and Mean Party Difference on Initial Passage: Foreign- and Defense-Policy Issues, by Administration, 84th100th Congresses (Consensual Votes Excluded)

This volume is based upon an April 1990 Carl Albert Center conference commemorating the bicentennial of the United States Congress and the centennial of the University of Oklahoma. The conference was entitled, "Back to the Future: the United States Congress in the Twenty-first Century." Its focus was on the nature of change in Congress and on the likely direction of congressional change as the new century approaches.

From among the two dozen papers presented at the conference, we have selected eight for inclusion in this volume; in addition, we have included a very fine recent study of Senate Majority Leader George Mitchell. These essays were selected for the significance and originality of the research they report, and for the relevance of the research to an understanding of the process of congressional change over time.

In considering the evidence reported by these researchers and other research reported at the conference, we were struck by two things. On the one hand, contemporary congressional scholarship does an excellent job of charting the changes that Congress undergoes; on the other hand, contemporary congressional scholarship has failed to produce an overarching framework within which the process of congressional change can be understood. A review of other compendia of studies of Congress confirmed this impression.

We therefore decided that our editorial contribution should be to try to provide such a framework. In undertaking this task, we were increasingly led to think in terms of the larger cultural trends that seem to be shaping modern politics today. Due perhaps in part to our intellectual biases, but due most certainly in part to the reality of American political life today, we concluded that the research that congressional scholarship typically produces is best understood in terms of a historical and interpretive intellectual framework. Through it, we have sought to analyze the research reported in this book. We hope that it will spawn a dialogue about the interpretation of congressional change in which our authors and other political scientists will join.

Since this volume is the product or an event as well as of the effort of the authors and editors, we are indebted to many people. Our colleague Gary Copeland shared with us the planning and execution of the conference. Its success was due largely to the efforts of LaDonna Sullivan and Kathy Wade, which the three of us gratefully acknowledge. LaDonna Sullivan's assistance in the preparation of the book manuscript was also invaluable. We want also to thank the graduate and undergraduate Fellows of the Carl Albert Center who contributed both intellectually and logistically to the conference.

A special feature of the conference was the participation of several prominent congressional scholars as panel chairs and discussants. In addition to their contributions to the conference, these scholars offered constructive advice to us in the process of editing the papers for publication. We would like to thank Stanley Bach, Joseph Cooper, Roger Davidson, Richard Fenno, John Johannes, Charles Jones, Thomas Kazee, Thomas Mann, Samuel Patterson, Nelson Polsby, and Steven Smith.

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