Francesco Contini (editor) - The Circulation of Agency in E-Justice: Interoperability and Infrastructures for European Transborder Judicial Proceedings (Law, Governance and Technology Series, 13)

Georgios I. Zekos

Advanced Artificial Intelligence and Robo-Justice

Logo of the publisher

To my lovely wife

& to my son

-

Globalization involves countries institutional structure by the diffusion of social values and individual value creation via interactions with wide range of backgrounds and nationality. Moreover, globalization procedure has been driven by political ideas, economic forces and new technology augmenting the speed but diminishing the cost of transportation and communication.

When a new technology is appeared to society, the law has to respond to the disorder technology generates but there is pacing problem and so the thought that law cannot keep pace with technology brings forwards a form of technological determinism wherein technology drives social structures and cultural values. Moreover, the law is catching up with technology but technology has not stood still. Also, AI and robotics as transformative technologies with critical qualities are more exceptional than those of cyberspace and other prior technologies. It could be said that if technology is the driving force of law, law will always follow technology and so technological revolution, embracing the relationships among technologies, their uses, and their relationship between them and people, instigates and influences social transformation.

Humans are technological animals and so humans mold their environment using the devices they invent and develop. Technology boosts human abilities by expanding labour efficiency at a given task and so intelligent systems attempt to imitate human-reasoning processes. Human-based systems are informatic systems, embracing software and hardware that use artificial intelligence techniques mimicking the processes of human reasoning, learning, memory, and communication. It is worth noting that policy-making no longer relies mainly on the exerted power of a single player, which has traditionally been the status and so governance effectuated by digital networks in general and by blockchain technology. In its place, interactions and societies are becoming progressively governed by networks encompassing a diverse set of public and private actors and so generating societal power in a networked system.

The field of artificial intelligence (AI) has seen remarkable technical developments bringing new economic and legal risks. The transferal from human decision-making to AI or hybrid humanAI decision-making systems modifies the policy landscape and so influencing social values. Also, there are integral flaws and risks of automation.

Via advanced artificial intelligence (AAI) techniques, machines will think as brains, and brains can be thought of as machines. One of the key characteristics of intelligent systems is the use of big data which is applicable to judicial decision-making procedures demanding extensive record keeping of the information produced during procedures to assure legitimacy.

Computer-based learning mimics human learning to some extent, although the latter encompasses emotional engagement and commitment permitting AI systems to achieve success in multifaceted and vague tasks such as image recognition, translation, radiological image analysis, and games. Machine learning generates a problem-solving algorithm that is then used in heterogeneous scientific applications and so there is a gradual transition from decision support using automation algorithms to areas linked to the quality of life. Moreover, the continuing digital transformation of the economy influences both the macro and micro level of all happenings in the field of digitalization. The digitalization disruption brings along new inequalities such as inequality in cyberspace connectivity, tech skills and affinity to digitalization influences AI-human-compatibility as a competitive advantage.