Werner J Feld - New Directions in Economic and Security Policy: U.S.-West European Relations in a Period of Crisis and Indecision

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New Directions in Economic and Security Policy

About the Book and Editor

The contributors to this volume examine selected aspects of economic and foreign policy relationships between the United States and Western Europe from historical as well as contemporary perspectives. Topics focused upon include the unsuccessful attempts by the Soviet Union and the Western allies in the 1950s to remedy the division of Germany; the circumstances leading to the 1955 peace treaty between the Soviet Union and Austria; the impact of the Marshall Plan and earlier U.S. aid efforts on the economic recovery of Austria; and the effects of divergent public opinion in Western Europe on the formulation and implementation of contemporary U.S. and NATO security policies. Bruno Kreisky's essay is unique inasmuch as the former chancellor of Austria bases his observations on personal contacts with many world leaders, including U.S. presidents from Truman to Reagan. The contribution by Senator Mathias offers unusual insights derived from his long tenure on the Senate Foreign Relations Committee.

Werner J. Feld is Distinguished Professor of Political Science and director of the Institute for the Comparative Study of Public Policy at the University of New Orleans.

Sixth Biannual Symposium
published in cooperation with the
Institute for the Comparative Study of Public Policy,
The University of New Orleans/
The University of Innsbruck

Werner J. Feld, General Editor

New Directions in Economic and Security Policy

U.S.-West European Relations in a Period of Crisis and Indecision

edited by
Werner J. Feld

First published 1985 by Westview Press

Published 2018 by Routledge
52 Vanderbilt Avenue, New York, NY 10017
2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN

Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business

Copyright 1985 by The Institute for the Comparative Study of Public Policy

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers.

Notice:
Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe.

Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 85-51264

ISBN 13: 978-0-367-00855-0(hbk)

Contents

1. ii
2. iii
3. iv

Guide

The sixth volume of the series of monographs dealing with a comparative approach to the study of different social, political, and economic fields represents the outcome of a symposium entitled "American-European Relations" organized by the University of Innsbruck in cooperation with the University of New Orleans. The symposium was held in Innsbruck, July 9 and 10, 1984. The main contributors were politicians, historians, and political scientists from Europe and the United States.

The symposium was supported financially by the government of Tirol (Tiroler Landesregierung) and by the city of Innsbruck, Office for Tourism (Verkehrsamt). The publication has been made possible by the financial aid (DAuckkostenbeitrag) of the Austrian Government Ministry of Science and Research (Bandesminiterium far Wissenschaft and Forchung).

The publication of this symposium is a step toward improving the cooperation between the University of New Orleans and the University of Innsbruck, which are now linked by a formal friendship agreement. Other symposia will follow, other publications will inform all those who are interested in specific fields--scholars as well as practitioners. In addition to the symposia and the exchange of students and professors, new levels of scientific cooperation are being established, such as the "Institute for the Comparative Study of Public Policy," which already exists at the University of New Orleans, and a similar institute that will be founded at the University of Innsbruck in the near future.

Anton Pelinka, Professor and
Chairman of the Department of
Political Science, University
of Innsbruck; Innsbruck Coordinator
for Cooperation between
the Universities of New
Orleans and Innsbruck

It is with great pleasure that we present in this volume the proceedings of the sixth biannual symposium organized jointly by the University of New Orleans and the University of Innsbruck and held on July 9-10, 1984, in Innsbruck. The subject, "European-American Relations," is of critical significance to the continued defense capabilities of the Atlantic alliance. Each year popular attitudes regarding NATO, the cooperation between the United States and its European allies, and the European perceptions of Americans in general must be taken into account as security policies are formulated and implemented by the NATO partners. Clearly, the historical evolution of the alliance relationship has had an important impact on the development of present perceptions on both sides of the Atlantic, and the symposium participants were especially fortunate to hear the personal experiences of former Austrian Chancellor Bruno Kreisky, who played major roles in the transatlantic interactions beginning with President Truman.

Following the pattern of the earlier symposia, several major papers were presented. They were authored by former Chancellor Bruno Kreisky; U.S. Senator Charles McC. Mathias, Jr.; Werner J. Feld, University of New Orleans; Rolf Steininger, University of Innsbruck; and Gnter Bischof, Harvard University.

We would like to express our sincere appreciation to the panel moderators for the managerial talents displayed, and we are most thankful for the generous financial support of the University of Innsbruck for the symposium.

Gordon H. Mueller, Dean
Metropolitan College

Werner J. Feld, Director
Institute for the Comparative
Study of Public Policy

Werner J . Feld

When Ronald Reagan became President of the United States in 1981, there was considerable apprehension on both sides of the Atlantic that the NATO partnership, beset by recurring troubles for over two decades, would be threatened by collapse. Recognizing NATO's contribution to the maintenance of peace between East and West, the anti-Soviet ideology and rhetoric of the Reagan administration produced considerable tension between Washington and Western Europe. This was reflected in the numerous demonstrations by rapidly proliferating European peace groups against the deployment of American intermediate-range nuclear weapons. But the nature of transatlantic economic matters also evoked concerns in Western Europe and in the United States and, therefore, comprehensive efforts were in order and in fact needed to carefully assess the status and conditions of European-American relations. This book is one of these efforts. It presents the research and views expressed by practitioners of politics and scholars on the subject matter as put forth during a symposium held in Innsbruck, Austria, during July 1984 under the auspices of the University of Innsbruck and the University of New Orleans.

Tne basic issues affecting European-American relations are laid out concisely in by Thomas Klestil, currently the Austrian Ambassador to the United States. Ambassador Klestil clearly states the economic and security issues about which many leaders of the United States and Western Europe have conflicting views; and he also points out the concerns Europeans have regarding the U.S. approach to the Third World. He believes that all these considerations have led some Europeans to ponder a more Eurocentric approach to economic and security matters which would result in greater independence from the United States.

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