European Foreign Policy in a Decarbonising World
Contributing to the emerging literature on the geopolitical and foreign policy implications of decarbonisation and energy transition processes, this book sheds light on the future of the European Unions (EU) external relations under decarbonisation.
Under the Paris Agreement on climate change, adopted in 2015, governments are committed to phasing out the emissions of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases over the coming decades. This book addresses the many questions around this process of decarbonisation through detailed analyses of EU external relations with six fossil-fuel exporting countries: Nigeria, Indonesia, Azerbaijan, Colombia, Qatar, and Canada. The authors systematically examine the six countries varying dependence on fossil fuels, the broader political and security context, current relations with the EU, and the potential for developing these towards decarbonisation. In doing so, they put forward a series of findings that should hold across varying circumstances and provide a steppingstone to enrich and inspire further research on foreign policy, external relations, and international relations under decarbonisation. The book also makes an important contribution to understanding the external implications of the 2019 European Green Deal.
This volume will be of great interest to students and scholars of European environmental and climate policy, climate diplomacy, energy policy, foreign policy, and climate/energy geopolitics.
Sebastian Oberthr is Professor for Environment and Sustainable Development at the Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB) and Professor of Environmental Policy and Law at the University of Eastern Finland (UEF).
Dennis Tnzler is Director and Head of Programme Climate Policy at adelphi, Germany.
Emily Wright works as a Manager for adelphi, Germany, in the field of climate policy and diplomacy.
Gauri Khandekar is Researcher at the Centre for Environment, Economy and Energy at the Brussels School of Governance, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB).
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Environmental Policy and Air Pollution in China
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Climate Change Law and Policy in the Middle East and North Africa Region
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European Foreign Policy in a Decarbonising World
Challenges and Opportunities
Sebastian Oberthr, Dennis Tnzler, and Emily Wright, with Gauri Khandekar
For more information about this series, please visit: www.routledge.com/Routledge-Studies-in-Environmental-Policy/book-series/RSEP
First published 2022
by Routledge
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2022 Sebastian Oberthr, Dennis Tnzler, and Emily Wright Khandekar
The right of Sebastian Oberthr, Dennis Tnzler, and Emily Wright Khandekar to be identified as authors of this work has been asserted in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.
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British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Names: Oberthr, Sebastian, author.
Title: European foreign policy in a decarbonising world : challenges and opportunities / Sebastian Oberthr, Dennis Tnzler, and Emily Wright with Gauri Khandekar.
Description: Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2022. | Series: Roultedge studies in environmental policy | Includes bibliographical references and index.
Subjects: LCSH: European Union countriesForeign relations21st century. | Environmental policyEuropean Union countries. | Carbon dioxide mitigationPolitical aspects. | Petroleum industry and tradePolitical aspects. | Gas industryPolitical aspects.
Classification: LCC JZ1570 .O34 2022 (print) | LCC JZ1570 (ebook) | DDC 327.4dc23
LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2021042217
LC ebook record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2021042218
ISBN: 978-1-032-01131-8 (hbk)
ISBN: 978-1-032-02352-6 (pbk)
ISBN: 978-1-003-18303-7 (ebk)
DOI: 10.4324/9781003183037
Typeset in Perpetua
by codeMantra
Contents
List of illustrations
Preface and acknowledgements
List of abbreviations
1 Introduction: the European Union, decarbonisation, and foreign policy
2 Nigeria: addressing fragility away from oil?
3 Indonesia: building a partnership beyond fossil fuels and palm oil
4 Azerbaijan: partnership potential beyond gas?
5 Colombia: the double challenge of internal pacification and decarbonisation
6 Qatar: moving beyond oil and gas within a fragile regional context
7 Canada: reframing a well-established partnership
8 Conclusions: challenges and opportunities for EU foreign policy and its analysis in an era of decarbonisation
Index
Illustrations
Figures
2.1 Status of fossil fuel exports of Nigeria in 2019/2020
2.2 Governance indicators (Nigeria)
2.3 Nigerias performance in the Fragile States Index 20062021
2.4 Nigerias greenhouse gas emissions and emission targets (19902018)
3.1 Status of fossil fuel and palm oil exports of Indonesia in 2019/2020
3.2 Governance indicators (Indonesia)
3.3 Indonesias performance in the Fragile States Index 20062021
3.4 Indonesias greenhouse gas emissions and emission targets (19902018)
4.1 Status of fossil fuel exports of Azerbaijan in 2019/2020
4.2 Governance indicators (Azerbaijan)
4.3 Azerbaijans performance in the Fragile States Index 20062021
4.4 Azerbaijans greenhouse gas emissions and emission targets (19902018)
5.1 Status of fossil fuel exports of Colombia in 2019/2020
5.2 Governance indicators (Colombia)
5.3 Colombias performance in the Fragile States Index 20062021
5.4 Colombias greenhouse gas emissions and emission targets (19902018)
6.1 Status of fossil fuel exports of Qatar in 2019/2020
6.2 Governance indicators (Qatar)
6.3 Qatars performance in the Fragile States Index 20062021
6.4 Qatars greenhouse gas emissions and emission targets (19902018)
7.1 Status of fossil fuel exports of Canada in 2019/2020
