Israel W. Charny - The Widening Circle of Genocide: Genocide - a Critical Bibliographic Review

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The Widening Circle of Genocide

Associate Editors

MARC I. SHERMAN

SAMUEL TOTTEN

Contributing Editors

MARTIN VAN BRUINESSEN

VAHAKN DADRIAN

JAMES DUNN

LEONARD GLICK

GEORGE KENT

ROSANNE KLASS

ROBERT KRELL

R.J. RUMMEL

SAMUEL TOTTEN

GABRIELLE TYRNAUER

The Widening Circle of Genocide

Genocide: A Critical Bibliographic Review

VOLUME 3

Edited by Israel W. Charny

With a foreword by Irving Louis Horowitz

First published 1994 by Transaction Publishers

Published 2017 by Routledge
2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN
711 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10017, USA

Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business

Copyright 1994 by Institute on the Holocaust and Genocide.

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers.

Notice:
Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe.

Library of Congress Catalog Number: 93-46257

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

The Widening circle of genocide / edited by Israel W. Charny ; with a
foreword by Irving Louis Horowitz.
p. cm. (Genocide ; v. 3)
A Publication of the Institute on the Holocaust and Genocide.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 1-56000-172-0 (cloth)
1. GenocideBibliography. I. Charny, Israel W. II. Institute on the Holocaust and Genocide (Jerusalem) III. Series
Z7164.G45G45 1988 vol. 3
[HV6542]
016.36451dc20 93-46257
CIP

ISBN 13: 978-1-56000-172-0 (hbk)

Dedicated with great respect, and in warm friendship to the doyen of scholarship of genocide

Prof. LEO KUPER, University of California

A great pioneer in scholarship of genocide, dedicated leader in active efforts to introduce new ways of coping with, intervening, and preventing genocide, and a dear decent, positive person.

Contents

Irving Louis Horowitz

R.J. Rummel

Leonard B. Glick

Vahakn N. Dadrian

Rosanne Klass

Martin van Bruinessen

James Dunn

Gabrielle Tyrnauer

Robert Krell

George Kent

Samuel Totten

Samuel Totten

Israel W. Charny is Executive Director, Institute on the Holocaust and Genocide, Jerusalem; and Professor of Psychology & Family Therapy and Director, Program for Advanced Studies in Integrative Psychotherapy, Dept. of Psychology & Martin Buber Center, Hebrew University of Jerusalem

Vahakn N. Dadrian is Professor, Department of Sociology, Sate University of New York, Geneseo, and Director of Genocide Study Program, H.F. Guggenheim Foundation Grant, Conesus, N.Y.

James Dunn, a foreign affairs adviser and one time consul in East Timor, was sent to Timor on an official fact-finding mission, and was again there leading an aid mission when Indonesias invasion began. He later testified before the U.S. Congress and U.N. Committees [13 Percy Davis Drive, Moruya NSW, Australia].

Leonard B. Glick is Professor of Anthropology, Hampshire College, Amherst, Massachusetts

George Kent is Professor, Department of Political Science, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii

Rosanne Klass established and directed the Afghanistan Information Center at Freedom House in New York (1981-1991), and is co-founder and vice-president of the Afghanistan Relief Committee

Robert Krell is Professor of Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Health Sciences Center Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C., Canada

R.J. Rummel is Professor of Political Science, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii

Marc I. Sherman is Director of the Holocaust and Genocide Computerized Bibliographic Database Project at the Institute on the Holocaust and Genocide in Jerusalem, and Director of Academic Research Information Systems at the Research Authority of Tel Aviv University

Samuel Totten is Associate Professor, College of Education, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas

Gabrielle Tyrnauer, an anthropologist, is Associate Director of the Refugee Research Project, and of Living Testimonies, a project for videotaping oral histories of Jewish and Gypsy Holocaust survivors at McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada

Martin van Bruinessen, an anthropologist, is Research Associate/Lecturer at the University of Leiden in The Netherlands

There are many characteristics to the work of Israel Charny that are uniqueand that makes him a singular figure in the dismal science of genocide studies. I should like, in this brief space, to draw attention to three such properties: the first theoretical, the second organizational, and third moral. I do so not to celebrate a colleaguealthough he merits and has earned such encomiums, but rather to highlight what social science can contribute to the course of civilization when done properly and decently.

Charnys opening statement provides such a pelucid account of the contents of each section that my task in this Foreword is greatly eased. Clearly, his notion of The Widening Circle of Genocide as a concept rather than a title is two-edged: on one side there is a growing sense that the numbers of human beings trapped in circles of despair leading to dismemberment continue to exceed our wildest earlier estimates; while on the other, there is an appreciation that this widening circle is one of recognitionearly awareness and early actions that can deter, or at least limit, the practice of genocide.

That our thinking on genocide has progressed to the point of taking the subject to intervention and prevention, and beyond moaning and groaning over what has been, itself raises controversial issues that are being debated daily in policy discourse over Somalia, Bosnia, and Haiti. But this in itself marks a level of consciousness with respect to genocidal practices that did not exist say in 1944a bare fifty years ago. Indeed, the implication of Charnys workand those of his colleagues herein assembledis clear. Had a higher level of political awareness and action been manifest in the Allied powers response to Nazism, the worst features of that odious system might have been muted, if not averted. In this particular if then, we are talking of millions of innocent lives who were consigned to destruction in the ashes of the Holocaust.

What then are the special contributions made by Charny and his associates to this painful subject? First, there is the unity of life struggles as such, that is, to the unitary character of taking liveswhether in Armenia in the past as described by my good friend Vahakn Dadrian or in the present in such seemingly exotic places as Afghanistan, East Timor, or East Europe. For the fact is that genocide is an ongoing concern, not a historical remnant. The broad theoretical issue of the distinction between the collective murder of a people, such as the fate of European Jewry between 1941 and 1945; or the selective murder of a people, such as the fate that continues to haunt other peoples, while significant, is of a second order of significance. The theoretical ink spilled over who has claims to higher victim totals must surely pale in contrast to the actual blood spilled by real individuals and communities.

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