Education Reform and Social Class in Japan
Until the early 1990s, Japanese education was widely commended for achieving outstanding outcomes in global comparison. At the same time, it was frequently criticized for failing to cultivate individuality and creativity in students. Wide-ranging education reforms were enacted during the 1990s to remedy these perceived failings. However, as this book argues, the reforms produced a different outcome than intended, contributing to growing disparity in learning motivation and educational aspiration of students from different class backgrounds instead.
Takehiko Kariya demonstrates by way of empirical sociological analysis that educational inequality in Japan has been expanding, and that a new mechanism of educational selection has begun to operate, which he calls the incentive divide. Casting light on recent changes in Japanese society to critically reassess educational policy choices, this books quantitative and qualitative analyses of the mass education society in post-war Japan offer important insights also for understanding similar problems faced in other parts of the world at present.
Translated into English for the first time, the Japanese language version of Education Reform and Social Class in Japan was awarded the first Osaragi Jiro Prize for Commentary sponsored by the Asahi shinbun . This book will be of interest to students and scholars in the fields of Asian studies, Japanese studies, education, sociology and social policy.
Takehiko Kariya is Professor of the Sociology of Japanese Society at the Nissan Institute of Japanese Studies and the Department of Sociology, University of Oxford, UK.
Routledge/University of Tokyo series
Series Editorial Board
Editor-in-Chief:
Masashi Haneda
Professor, Institute for Advanced Studies on Asia, University of Tokyo
Associate Editors:
Jun Furuya, Professor, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, University of Tokyo
Shinsaku Iwahara, Professor, Graduate School of Law and Politics, University of Tokyo
Hiroshi Mitani, Professor, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, University of Tokyo
Sh?go Takegawa, Professor, Graduate School of Humanities and Sociology, University of Tokyo
Ry?ko Tsuneyoshi, Professor, Graduate School of Education, University of Tokyo
Susumu Yamakage, Professor, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, University of Tokyo
Hiroshi Yoshikawa, Graduate School of Economics, University of Tokyo
Managing Editor:
Michael Burtscher, Associate Professor, Division of International Affairs and Institute for Advanced Studies on Asia, University of Tokyo
1 Koizumi and Japanese Politics
Yu Uchiyama
2 Social Security in Contemporary Japan
A comparative analysis Mari ?sawa
3 Education Reform and Social Class in Japan
The emerging incentive divide Takehiko Kariya
First published 2013
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The right of Takehiko Kariya to be identified as author of this work has been asserted by him in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright1, Designs and Patents Act 1988.
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British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
Kariya, Takehiko, 1955
Education reform and social class in Japan / Takehiko Kariya.
p. cm. (Routledge/university of tokyo series)
Includes bibliographical references and index.
1. EducationJapan. 2. Educational changeJapan. 3. EducationSocial aspectsJapan. 4. EducationJapanHistory. 5. JapanSocial conditions. I. Title.
LA1312.K344 2013
370.951dc23 2012024823
p. cm. (Routledge/university of tokyo series)
Includes bibliographical references and index.
1. EducationJapan. 2. Educational changeJapan. 3. EducationSocial
aspectsJapan. 4. EducationJapanHistory. 5. JapanSocial
conditions. I. Title.
LA1312.K344 2013
370.951dc23 2012024823
ISBN: 978-0-415-55687-3 (hbk)
ISBN: 978-0-203-07699-6 (ebk)
Typeset in Times New Roman by Wearset Ltd, Boldon, Tyne and Wear