The regeneration of east Manchester
The regeneration of east Manchester
A political analysis
Georgina Blakeley & Brendan Evans
Manchester University Press
Manchester and New York
distributed in the United States exclusively by Palgrave Macmillan
Copyright Georgina Blakeley and Brendan Evans 2013
The right of Georgina Blakeley and Brendan Evans to be identified as the author of this work has been asserted by them in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.
Published by Manchester University Press
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British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data applied for
ISBN 978 0 7190 8440 9
First published 2013
The publisher has no responsibility for the persistence or accuracy of URLs for any external or third-party internet websites referred to in this book, and does not guarantee that any content on such websites is, or will remain, accurate or appropriate.
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Contents
List of tables and figures
Tables
Figures
Acknowledgements
We are very grateful for the support which we have received from the many elected and unelected officials in Manchester whom we interviewed at length. This includes individuals from Manchester City Council (MCC) and various organisations in east Manchester who were generous with their time, such as The Grange, Communities for Stability (C4S) and Manchester City Football Club (MCFC). We also wish to acknowledge the patient support of NEM and NDC/Beacons staff who enabled us to use the extensive documentation in their care. Library staffat the Open University, Huddersfield University, Manchester and Leeds Universities and British Libraries also gave us valuable assistance.
We pay particular tribute to the many residents who, despite having many demands on their time or problems to resolve, took us into their confidence and gave us frank opinions about their experiences in east Manchester.
We also wish to thank the editors of academic journals who encouraged us by publishing articles on east Manchester which we submitted and to conference and seminar organisers who invited us to present papers on the politics of urban regeneration. Tony Mason at Manchester University Press also helpfully guided us in such a way to enable us to complete this book and Len Grant kindly provided us with images which have illustrated it.
Finally, we are grateful to our respective families for their forbearance, particularly when we gave priority to the research and writing of the book when they would have welcomed our time and company.
Foreword
Looking back to the early 1980s, it is clear that the picture in east Manchester was one of urban decline.
Thirty years of deindustrialisation had ripped the heart out of the citys engineering heartland, leaving in its wake widespread dereliction, an ever-dwindling population and meagre employment opportunities.
Despite an unsuccessful Olympics bid in 1995, east Manchester had become the focus of a major sporting centre should an event be awarded to the city. By 1999 the decision had been made to bring together a range of brand new world-class sporting facilities and investment required to host the 2002 Commonwealth Games.
These Games became the catalyst for extensive regeneration in east Manchester and the city saw 2002 as an opportunity beyond a major sporting event and looked further, determined to leave a lasting legacy of physical, economic and social regeneration the first time a Games had been used as a driver for change in the host city, which has now become a benchmark for the new era in large-event hosting.
The Commonwealth Games accelerated regeneration in Manchester by twenty years or more, and driving this rebirth through sport gave the city and wider region the world-beating sporting facilities for which east Manchester is now renowned attracting the worlds top athletes and giving the stars of tomorrow the tools they need to hone their skills.
Capitalising on the momentum of the Games, the city gave birth to New East Manchester (NEM), a pioneering urban regeneration company whose energy focused on change in the area to attract new business investment, new homes, new schools and libraries and a new era in the history of east Manchester.
NEMs core aims remain to this day to raise both the incomes and the aspirations of east Manchester people and by strengthening the local economy through new business, hundreds of new jobs have been created, helping to get local people into work and build that sense of pride that is vital for successful neighbourhoods.
Now the home of MCFC and British Cycling, east Manchester continues to build on the success of the last decade. With new investment and flourishing opportunities, the future seems bright.
The book tells the story of the regeneration of east Manchester. Of course, the transformation of the area is an ongoing story and one which is still being written. But we are proud of the achievements of the last fifteen years and welcome this in-depth study of the journey we went on to reach the point were at today.
Sir Howard Bernstein, Chief Executive, MCC
List of acronyms and abbreviations
4CT | Four Communities Together |
AC | Audit Commission |
ABC | Acceptable Behaviour Contract |
ABI | Area Based Initiative |
AGGS | Altrincham Grammar School for Girls |
AGMA | Association of Greater Manchester Authorities |
APUDG | All Party Urban Development Group |
ASBAT | Anti-Social Behaviour Area Team |
ASBO | Anti-Social Behaviour Order |
AUVC | Ancoats Urban Village Company |
BBC | British Broadcasting Corporation |
BME | black and ethnic minority |
BURA | British Urban Regeneration Association |
C4S | Communities for Stability |
CITC | City in the Community |
CMDC | Central Manchester Development Corporation |
CPO | Compulsory Purchase Order |
CRESR | Centre for Regional Economic and Social Research |
CSR | Comprehensive Spending Review |
DBIS | Department of Business, Innovation and Skills |
DCLG | Department for Communities and Local Government |
DETR | Department of Environment, Transport and the Regions |
DfT | Department for Transport |
DLA | Disability Living Allowance |
DoE | Department of Education |
EAZ | Education Action Zone |
EDF | European Development Fund |
EDP | Eastlands Development Partnership |
EIP | Education Improvement Partnership |
EMBRACE |