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Howard J Wiarda - Corporatism and National Development in Latin America

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Corporatism and National Development in Latin America
Author:
Howard J Wiarda
Publisher:
Routledge
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Books / Politics
Year:
2019
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Corporatism and National Development in Latin America

Westview Replica Editions

This book is a Westview Replica Edition. The concept of Replica Editions is a response to the crisis in academic and informational publishing. Library budgets for books have been severely curtailed; economic pressures on the university presses and the few private publishing companies primarily interested in scholarly manuscripts have severely limited the capacity of the industry to properly serve the academic and research communities Many manuscripts dealing with important subjects, often representing the highest level of scholarship, are today not economically viable publishing projects. Or, if they are accepted for publication, they are often subject to lead times ranging from one to three years. Scholars are understandably frustrated when they realize that their first-class research cannot be published within a reasonable time frame, if at all.

Westview Replica Editions are our practical solution to the problem. The concept is simple. We accept a manuscript in camera ready form and move it immediately into the production process. The responsibility for textual and copy editing lies with the author or sponsoring organization. If necessary we will advise the author on proper preparation of footnotes and bibliography. We prefer that the manuscript be typed according to our specifications, though it may be acceptable as typed for a dissertation or prepared in some other clearly organized and readable way. The end result is a book produced by lithography and bound in hard covers. Initial edition sizes range from 400 to 800 copies, and a number of recent Replicas are already in second printings. We include among Westview Replica Editions only works of outstanding scholarly quality or of great informational value and we will continue to exercise our usual editorial standards and quality control.

Corporatism and National Development in Latin America

Howard J. Wiarda

This provocative volume emphasizes the necessity of coming to grips with historic and contemporary corporatism in order to fully comprehend Latin American and Iberian development on its own terms and in its own sociopolitical context. Professor Wiarda fully explores corporatismits theory and practice (and the vast gap between the two), its ideology and historical roots, and its sociology and political economy. Providing background materials, comparative and empirical data, and case studies, he uncovers new areas of research for historians, social scientists, and area specialists. Although the focus of this potentially controversial book is on Latin American development, it shows as well how corporatism has relevance for our understanding of recent changes in the United States and other advanced industrial societies.

Howard J. Wiarda, professor of political science, adjunct professor of labor relations, and chairman of the Program in Latin American Studies at the University of Massachusetts, is also visiting scholar at the Center for International Affairs, Harvard University. Professor Wiarda has written and edited numerous books and articles, including The Continuing Struggle for Democracy in Latin America (Westview, 1980).

First published 1981 by Westview Press

Published 2018 by Routledge

52 Vanderbilt Avenue, New York, NY 10017

2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN

Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers.

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Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe.

Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data

Wiarda, Howard J., 1939-

Corporatism and national development in Latin America.

(A Westview replica edition)

Bibliography: p.

1. Corporate state--Latin America--Addresses, essays, lectures.

2. Latin America--Politics and government--1948- --Addresses, essays, lectures. I. Title. II. Series: Westview replica edition.

JL960.W49 321.9 81-2097

ISBN 0-86531-031-9 AACR2

ISBN 13: 978-0-3670-1851-1 (hbk)

Content

Guide

Occasionally, an entire discipline and field of study, or even two or three, may be shaken to their foundations and forced to reexamine their earlier assumptions by the impact of a single concept. In this instance, the fields are political science, sociology, and Latin American and Western European comparative development studies, and the concept that has forced the rethinking is corporatism .

Among the reasons why corporatism as a concept, frame of reference, and pattern of institutional arrangements has created such a stir are the following:

Corporatism, once thought dead, a product of the interwar period whose time had comeand gone!has now reemerged or been rediscovered in a great variety of modernizing nations: Brazil, Chile, Mexico, Peru, Tanzania, and many more.
Corporatism, we have rediscovered, is not merely a smokescreen or confidence trick, as the early literature on Italy sometimes argued, but a complex and often quite rational way of organizing diverse nations, of structuring both political society and public policy, of institutionalizing consultation between the state and societal groups, of filling the organizational void in fragmented transitional societies, of integrating new groups into political society and/or controlling their participation, of serving as an alternative model of national social and political development. These functions can neither be ignored nor easily dismissed as anachronistic.
Corporatism, once thought to be synonymous with fascism and reaction, is now viewed as a national organizational form that may take liberal, Christian-democratic, and syndicalist directions as well as bureaucratic-authoritarian ones.
Corporatism and the corporatist framework, like the dependency concept, have spread beyond the area where they have recently been utilized, Latin America, to have their impact on European and general comparative studies as well. The flow of social science ideas and concepts, historically from Europe outward, may now have begun to be reversed.
A new nexus has been discovered between corporatism and capitalism and between corporatism and large-scale bureaucratic organization. Some have argued that corporatism may be the organizational component of the modern, centralized, administrative state, whether capitalist or socialist.
While corporatism may in a Spain or Portugal take more liberal and pluralist forms than heretofore thought, we have recently also discovered that the polities priding themselves on their liberal and social-democratic forms may practice a certain disguised form of corporatism. Corporatism seems present not just in modernizing nations but in advanced industrial democracies as well, including the United States.
The corporatist focus has precipitated a major reexamination of many ethnocentric social science assumptions and of the presumed universality and unilinearism of the development process by positing other alternative routes to modernization and by questioning the feasibility of applying Western assumptions and models to non-Western areas where they have little relevance. The corporatist framework has helped challenge numerous Euro-centric notions and stimulated another social science great debate.

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