George J. Busenberg - Oil and Wilderness in Alaska: Natural Resources, Environmental Protection, and National Policy Dynamics

OIL AND WILDERNESS IN ALASKA

Selected Titles in the American Governance and Public Policy Series

Series Editors
GERARD W. BOYCHUK, KAREN MOSSBERGER, AND MARK C. ROM

Branching Out, Digging In: Environmental
Advocacy and Agenda Setting
Sarah Pralle

City-County Consolidation: Promises Made,
Promises Kept?
Suzanne M. Leland and Kurt Thurmaier,
Editors

Collaborative Public Management: New
Strategies for Local Governments
Robert Agranoff and Michael McGuire

Competitive Interests: Competition and
Compromise in American Interest
Group Politics
Thomas T. Holyoke

The Congressional Budget Office: Honest
Numbers, Power, and Policymaking
Philip G. Joyce

Controlling Technocracy: Citizen Rationality
and the NIMBY Syndrome
Gregory E. McAvoy

Custodians of Place: Governing the Growth
and Development of Cities
Paul G. Lewis and Max Neiman

Dam Politics: Restoring Americas Rivers
William R. Lowry

Federalism and Environmental Policy: Trust
and the Politics of Implementation, Second
Edition, Revised and Updated
Denise Scheberle

Federalism in the Forest: National versus State
Natural Resource Policy
Tomas M. Koontz

Hazardous Waste Siting and
Democratic Choice
Don Munton, Editor

Lessons of Disaster: Policy Change
after Catastrophic Events
Thomas Birkland

Managing the Fiscal Metropolis: The
Financial Policies, Practices, and
Health of Suburban Municipalities
Rebecca M. Hendrick

Medical Governance: Values, Expertise,
and Interests in Organ Transplantation
David L. Weimer

Metropolitan Governance: Conflict,
Competition, and Cooperation
Richard C. Feiock, Editor

National Health Insurance in the United States
and Canada: Race, Territory, and
the Roots of Difference
Gerard W. Boychuk

Out and Running: Gay and Lesbian
Candidates, Elections, and Policy Representation
Donald P. Haider-Markel

Preserving Public Lands for the Future: The
Politics of Intergenerational Goods
William R. Lowry

Scandalous Politics: Child Welfare
Policy in the States
Juliet F. Gainsborough

Terra Incognita: Vacant Land
and Urban Strategies
Ann OM. Bowman and
Michael A. Pagano

GEORGE J. BUSENBERG

2013 Georgetown University Press. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher.

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Busenberg, George J.

Oil and wilderness in Alaska : natural resources, environmental protection, and national policy dynamics / George J. Busenberg.

pages cm (American governance and public policy series)

Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN 978-1-58901-662-0 (pbk. : alk. paper)

1. Petroleum engineeringEnvironmental aspectsAlaska. 2. Endangered ecosystemsAlaska. 3. Energy policyUnited States. 4. Petroleum industry and tradePolitical aspectsUnited States. I. Title.

TD195.P4B89 2013

333.823209798dc23

2012049966

This book is printed on acid-free paper meeting the requirements of the American National Standard for Permanence in Paper for Printed Library Materials.

15 14 13 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 First printing

Printed in the United States of America

CHAPTER 1
Introduction

CHAPTER 2
The Trans-Alaska Pipeline System

CHAPTER 3
The Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act

CHAPTER 4
The Exxon Valdez Disaster and the Oil Pollution Act of 1990

CHAPTER 5
Oil, Wilderness, and Alaska: The Enduring Conflict

CHAPTER 6
Conclusion

THIS BOOK is the product of many years of research concerning oil and wilderness in Alaska. During those years my research has benefited greatly from the advice and assistance of a number of people whom I would like to thank here. The theory of the policy process applied in this book was developed by Frank Baumgartner and Bryan Jones, and I am grateful for the efforts of these two scholars both in developing a new theory of the policy process and in supporting my efforts to apply that theory to empirical cases in environmental policy. I am grateful to the scholars Thomas Birkland, Peter May, Frank Laird, Monty Hempel, the late Frances Lynn, and the late William Freudenburg for sharing various insights that contributed to my efforts in developing this research project over the years. I thank Melanie Lewis and Daniel Hattrup for providing research assistance with the initial stages of this project. I am grateful to the Georgetown University Press editors who assisted me in the development of this book, including Don Jacobs, Gerry Boychuk, Karen Mossberger, Mark Rom, Richard Brown, Barry Rabe, and Gail Grella. I also thank the anonymous reviewers of the book manuscript, who provided clear and highly constructive advice on the manuscript that helped me to improve the final book. I am grateful to Christopher Robinson, who created the maps for this book.

I am deeply grateful to Soka University of America for providing faculty research funding and other institutional support that proved essential in the completion of this book project. I thank all of the students at Soka University of America who worked as research assistants in the development of this project, including Monika Mann, Heidi Helgerson, Elizabeth Guthrey, Jennifer Callahan, Yona Yurwit, Sarah Randolph, and James Cole Gauthier. I also want to thank Gosha Domagala and Leigh Moynihan at the Daisaku and Kaneko Ikeda Library at Soka University of America for helping me access a massive collection of scholarly works and primary data in support of this research project through interlibrary loan services.

This book incorporates materials from two previously published refereed articles in the journal Review of Policy Research by permission from Wiley-Blackwell (Busenberg 2008, 2011). I thank Wiley-Blackwell, Review of Policy Research, and the Policy Studies Organization for allowing use of this previously published material. I also thank the anonymous reviewers of these two articles for providing useful advice that contributed first to the improvement of the articles and subsequently to the improvement of this book.

This study was supported in part by grants from the U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF SBR-9520194, NSF SBR-9710522). The views expressed in this book are the sole responsibility of the author.