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Frank Daversa - Politics in America: A Guide to the Two-Party System

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Book:
Politics in America: A Guide to the Two-Party System
Author:
Frank Daversa
Publisher:
PageTurner Press and Media
Genre:
Books / Politics
Year:
2021
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_______________________________________________________

All rights reserved. This book or any portion thereof may not be reproduced or transmitted in any form or manner, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage or retrieval system, without the express written permission of the copyright owner except for the use of brief quotations in a book review or other noncommercial uses permitted by copyright law.

_______________________________________________________

Created in the United States of America

ISBN: Softcover 978-1-63871-509-2

Hardback 978-1-63871-511-5

eBook 978-1-63871-510-8

Republished by: PageTurner Press and Media LLC

Publication Date: 08/30/2021

_______________________________________________________

To order copies of this book, contact:

PageTurner Press and Media

Phone: 1-888-447-9651

info@pageturner.us

www.pageturner.us

An informed electorate is our nations best resource.

Contents

Introduction vii

Chapter 1 - Constituen cy 1

Chapter 2 - Party Histo ry 5

Chapter 3 - Party Ideolog y 25

Chapter 4 - Sample Legislatio n 37

Chapter 5 - Editorial s 66

Chapter 6 - Conclusion

Introduction

Citizens of the United States enjoy certain basic rights: the right to free speech, the right to own land, the right to trial by jury, and the right to peaceably assemble, just to name a few. But there is no more fundamental privilege than the right to vote. The right to choose our elected officials forms the very basis of our democratic system of government. This is true at the national as well as the state and local levels. We should be grateful for this rightmany countries still deny their people the right to free and fair elections. Indeed, it is our responsibility as citizens to exercise this privilege come election time. Provided you are 18 years of age or over, register to vote if you have not done s o already.

Politics is an inescapable fact of life in America. It impacts many governmental policies, which in turn impact our everyday lives. Tax policies affect the amount of income we owe the government. Federal and state economic policies affect the job market. Defense policies affect whether and how we wage wars abroad. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) policies affect the safety of the foods we eat and the drugs we take. The national party voted into power after each election is responsible for regulating these policies. They are the reason why voting is so important.

This book is intended primarily for readers with a small to moderate familiarity with politics. Politics influence your vote one way or another, and it is the intention of this book to illustrate how. It provides backgrounds of the Democratic and Republican Parties, their basic philosophies, examples of congressional acts passed into law, and a discussion of relevant issues in the political arena today. It draws upon excerpts compiled from online newspapers and sources as well as noted cable news programs to provide insightful commentary. As a voter, education is your great est asset.

Chapter 1 - Constituency

M erriam-Webster defines politics as the art or science of government. To the average person, politics in America can seem fairly complicated. There are three branches of government at both the federal and state levels and a myriad of laws that have to be followed. A nominee is chosen from a field of candidates during a primary, and then a candidate is chosen from each level of government during the general election. While there can be multiple parties to choose from in congressional elections, the field is typically limited to two in presidential elections. This is because our electoral process constitutes a winner-takes-all system. (While other parties are present in any given presidential election, their election results are generally nominal.)

A two-party system certainly simplifies the process, which is one of the main reasons why it is so successful in America. For many voters, allegiance to a party is determined by family. Those who grew up in a predominantly conservative household will tend to vote Republican, while those who grew up in a predominantly progressive household will tend to vote De mocratic.

There are also the core principles of each party to consider. The Democratic Party is the oldest party in existence. Today it c omprises:

Liberal Democrats , who advocate strong civil liberties, fair trade, more moderate economic policies, and a less militaristic foreign po licy.
Progressive Democrats , who advocate relatively centrist economic and left-wing social agendas, universal health care, and revitalization of the national infrastruc ture.
Centrists , who advocate the use of military force, a reduction in government welfare, and tax cuts.
The Christian left , which advocates social justice, welfare, universal health care, education, and foreign aid.
Conservative Democrats , who advocate centrist positions on social/cultural and neo-liberal fiscal issues. They are similar to their liberal Republican counterparts in that both became political minorities after their respective political parties underwent a major political realignment following civil rights legislation in 1964.
Libertarian Democrats , who advocate civil rights, separation of church and state, and reduction of the national debt. As opposed to traditional Libertarians, they are more closely aligned with Democratic Party positions, including the Democrats economic agenda. They oppose gun control, the War on Drugs, protectionism, corporate welfare, governmental borrowing, and an interventionist foreign po licy.
Unions , which advocate passage of the Employee Free Choice Act, an act that would make it easier for employees to join a union and increase penalties for employer violations of the National Labor Relations Act. Other important issues for labor unions include support for industrial policies (including fair trade) that sustain unionized manufacturing jobs, raise the minimum wage, and promote broad social programs such as social security and universal health care.
Ethnic minorities , who advocate affirmative action, civil rights, economic growth, and immigration refo rm.

The Republican Party was formed in 1854 and today c omprises:

Fiscal conservatives , who advocate low taxes, a balanced budget, deregulation, and restricted government spending and national debt.
Social conservatives , who believe in preserving traditional Christian va lues.
Neoconservatives , who advocate promoting democracy around the world by military action, if neces sary.
Moderates , who advocate reasonable limits to issues and are temperate in their approach to topics. They are characterized by political or social beliefs that are neither extreme nor partisan, such as same-sex marriage and gay adoption, gun control laws, more environmental regulation and anti-climate-change measures, more federal spending on public education, fewer restrictions on legal immigration, civil rights laws, embryonic stem cell research, and anti-war polici es.
Libertarians , who advocate individual liberty as the basic moral principle of society. They promote strict limits to government activity, maximizing political freedom, and free-market capitalism as their main tene ts.

The question arises: Who should you vote for? Much of the answer depends on your beliefs. Those who believe in civil rights, a strong central government, gun control, strong government regulation, and social programs that benefit the needy and elderly tend to vote Democratic. Those who believe in low taxes, limited government intervention, unfettered free-market capitalism, limited gun control, and fewer government regulations tend to vote Republican. Voting is a personal decision with many factors involved. The purpose of this book is to make you aware of thos e factors.

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