ROUTLEDGE LIBRARY EDITIONS:
POLITICAL GEOGRAPHY
Volume 2
ESSAYS IN POLITICAL GEOGRAPHY
ESSAYS IN POLITICAL GEOGRAPHY
Edited by
CHARLES A. FISHER
First published in 1968
This edition first published in 2015
by Routledge
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1968 Charles A. Fisher
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British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
ISBN: 978-1-138-80830-0 (Set)
eISBN: 978-1-315-74725-5 (Set)
ISBN: 978-1-138-81324-3 (Volume 2)
eISBN: 978-1-315-74827-6 (Volume 2)
Pb ISBN: 978-1-138-81325-0 (Volume 2)
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The publisher has gone to great lengths to ensure the quality of this reprint but points out that some imperfections in the original copies may be apparent.
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Essays in
Political Geography
EDITED BY CHARLES A. FISHER
METHUEN & CO LTD
II NEW FETTER LANE LONDON EC4
First published 1968
Charles A. Fisher 1968
Printed in Great Britain by
Butler & Tanner Ltd
Frome and London
Distributed in the U.S.A.
by Barnes and Noble Inc.
Contents
[Charles A. FisherProfessor of Geography with reference to Asia in the University of London, School of Oriental and African Studies]
[J. N. H. DouglasLecturer in Geography, The Queens University, Belfast]
[Richard Hartshorne Professor of Geography, University of Wisconsin]
[Preston E. James Professor of Geography, Syracuse University]
[W. Gordon EastProfessor of Geography, University of London, Birkbeck College]
[Saul B. CohenDirector, Graduate School of Geography, Clark University]
[Charles A. Fisher]
[B. H. FarmerDirector of the Centre of South Asian Studies, University of Cambridge]
[Ulrich SchweinfurthProfessor of Geography South Asia Institute, University of Heidelberg]
[Michael FreeberneLecturer in Geography, University of London, School of Oriental and African Studies]
[Vah J. Sevian Consulting Engineer formerly Inspector General of Irrigation, Ministry of Agriculture Iraq]
[Moshe BrawerHead, Department of Geography, University of Tel Aviv]
[Anthony S. ReynerProfessor and Head of Department of Geology and Geography, Howard University]
[David HillingLecturer in Geography, University of London, Bedford College]
[B. W. HodderReader in Geography, University of London, Queen Mary College]
[B. W. LanglandsSenior Lecturer in Geography, Makerere University College]
[N. L. NicholsonProfessor of Geography, University of Western Ontario]
[J. W. House Professor of Geography, University of Newcastle-upon-Tyne]
[Ladis K. D. KristofResearch Associate, Studies of the Communist System, Institute of Political Studies, Stanford University]
TO STEPHEN B. JONES
whose contribution to political
geography we acknowledge, and
whose presence at our symposium
we appreciated, this book is
dedicated by all who have
contributed to it.
With the exception of the brief editorial introduction, all the essays in this volume are directly based upon papers prepared for the Twentieth International Geographical Congress held in the United Kingdom in 1964, and all but two of them were personally presented by their respective authors at the Symposium on Political Geography, held at Sheffield under the editors Chairmanship as part of the proceedings of that Congress. Nevertheless this volume is not an official publication of the Congress or of its sponsoring organization, the International Geographical Union, but is the outcome of a joint initiative by participants in the symposium and Messrs Methuen and Co. Ltd.
The original proposals for the symposium stated that, while papers on any aspect of political geography would be welcomed, it was hoped to devote special attention to the problems of the newly independent states and the wider methodological implications of work in this field. In the event the greater part of the contributions submitted dealt with some aspect of what may be called the political geography of decolonization, but although several of these and of others had significant methodological implications, explicit emphasis on methodology received rather less attention than had been expected. Moreover, although studies in the political geography of ex-colonial territories in both Asia and Africa were well represented, most of them were by Western scholars, and it was a source of regret that no nationals of such major ex-colonial lands as India, Pakistan, Indonesia or Nigeria were present to read papers or to participate in discussions.
In spite of this, however, the discussions contributed significantly to the present collection of papers, for most of the latter have in varying degree been re-written at least partly on the basis of comments made by other participants in the symposium, to whom our collective thanks are due. All the authors who contributed papers to the symposium were invited to submit them with or without modification as they chose for inclusion in this collection, and all but three did so.
Inevitably in the circumstances the resultant collection has the character more of a random scatter than of a co-ordinated coverage of the field with which the symposium was concerned. Furthermore, while in common with other students of political phenomena, political geographers attempt to apply scholarly principles in their work, they also have varied viewpoints both methodological, political, and national, and in contributing to this collection each author assumes sole responsibility for what appears under his name.
Equally inevitably, however, the preparation of such a collection of papers, from contributors in many different parts of the world, involves some delays, and in the rapidly changing circumstances, particularly of the ex-colonial lands, statements of fact and expressions of opinion may quickly and sometimes drastically be overtaken by events. Wherever possible an attempt has been made to deal with such cases by late revision or the addition of postscripts. But no such arrangements can ever seem wholly satisfactory to an author, and for the shortcomings which remain on this score the editor accepts full responsibility.