Joe Thomas - Ethnocide: A Cultural Narrative of Refugee Detention in Hong Kong

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Ethnocide: A Cultural Narrative of Refugee Detention in Hong Kong

First published 2000 by Ashgate Publishing

Reissued 2018 by Routledge

2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OXl 4 4RN

711 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10017, USA

Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business

Copyright Joe Thomas 2000

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers.

Notice:

Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe.

Publishers Note

The publisher has gone to great lengths to ensure the quality of this reprint but points out that some imperfections in the original copies may be apparent.

Disclaimer

The publisher has made every effort to trace copyright holders and welcomes correspondence from those they have been unable to contact

A Libraty of Congress record exists under LC control number: 99075540

ISBN 13: 978-1-138-70729-0 (hbk)

ISBN 13: 978-1-315-20148-1 (ebk)

Contents

Guide

The present study is an ethnographic inquiry into the socio-cultural dynamics of the Vietnamese asylum seeker detention centers in Hong Kong during the period of 1988-1995. This book essentially deals with the British asylum policy towards Vietnamese refugees and its outcome in Hong Kong; the British policy of a prolonged administrative detention (detention without a legal procedure) of a large number of children, women and men. The refugee administrators managed to solve the Vietnamese boat people crisis in Hong Kong through a series of refugee policies. However, very little is known to the world about the nature of these policies and their consequences. This book, based on the authors first-hand field experience as a camp worker in Hong Kong, argues that the administrators managed to solve the crisis by perpetuating horrendous human rights violations and subsequent ethnocide of the asylum seekers trapped in the detention centers.

When the asylum seekers are betrayed by the refugee protection regimes, what do the asylum seekers do; how do they cope with such a betrayal; what are the consequences of such a betrayal; and how such a phenomena was allowed to happen, are some of the themes of this book. Ethnocide is not an accidental or unavoidable consequence of cultural contact between two cultural groups with unequal power. In Hong Kong such a phenomenon has occurred through a carefully planned refugee policy and programme, executed by an efficient bureaucracy with the blessings of the global refugee protection regime - the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees.

It is a pleasure to acknowledge the indebtedness to several individuals for helping me to write this book. I would like to thank all of them. Without their care and consideration this work would not have been possible. However only I am responsible for the views expressed in, and any shortcomings of, this book.

Dr. Michael Lanphier, at the Refugee Study Center, York University, Toronto was kind enough to accept me at his center with valuable suggestions. He also patiently read the first draft of this book and made substantial suggestions and criticisms. Dr. Harrell-Bond, Director of the Refugee studies programme at the University of Oxford helped me immensely in developing a theoretical framework for this study.

With great pleasure, I would like to acknowledge the support offered by my colleagues, Dede Farrell, Nigel Priece, Senoo Rawat and Ravi Lulla. Several of my friends in Hong Kong detention centers helped me in many ways. Mr. Thu, Mr. Big Hung, and Ms. Van helped me in data collection.

I would also like to acknowledge the encouragement and guidance I have received from Dr. K.S. Nair, Dr. S.Parasuram and Mr. G.AA. Britto.

Thanks to the South China Morning Post Publishers Ltd for granting me permission to reprint the article, Why I weep for Hong Kong, SCMP, 27-09-1992.

Finally, Mridula, my companion and friend for encouraging me to complete this work.

Joe Thomas

AI	Amnesty International
AMS	Auxiliary Medical Services
AVS	Action for Voluntary Services
BBC	British Broadcasting Corporation
CAPO	Complaints Against Police Officer
CD	Community Development
CFSI	Community and Family Services International
CISD	Critical Incident Stress Debriefing
CMA	Christian Ministers Alliance
CPA	Comprehensive Plan of Action
CSD	Correctional Service Development
DRV	Democratic Republic of Vietnam
EEC	European Economic Community
ESF	Ecole San Fronte
HIDC	High Island Detention Centre
HK	Hong Kong
HKCAR	Hong Kong Christian AIDS For Refugees
HKCAS	Hong Kong Civil Aid Society
HKFPA	Hong Kong Family Planning Association
HKHSR	Hong Kong Housing Services for Refugees
HKID	Hong Kong Immigration Department
HKRC	Hong Kong Read Cross
ICCB	International Catholic Childrens Bureau
ICCPR	International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights
IOM	International Organization of Migration
ISS	International Social Services
JP	Justice of the Peace
JVA	Joint Voluntary Action
MIA	Missing in Action
MOU	Memorandum of Understanding
MSF	Medicine San Fronte
NEZ	New Economic Zone
NGO	Non Governmental Organization
NIMH	National Institute of Mental Health
ODP	Orderly Departure Program
POW	Prisoner of War
PRC	Principal Refugee Claimant
PRPC	Philippine Refugee Processing Center
PTU	Police Tactical Unit
RCHK	Refugee Concern Hong Kong
RKHP	Royal Hong Kong Police
RSRB	Refugee Status Review Board
RV	Republic of Vietnam
SCF	Save the Children Fund
SCMP	South China Morning Post
SCVP	Special Committee for Vulnerable Persons
SKDC	Shek Kong Detention Center
UAM	Un Accompanied Minor
UDHR	Universal Declaration of Human Rights
UK	United Kingdom
UN	United Nations
UNHCR	United Nations High Commission for Refugees
US/USA	United States of America
VOA	Voice of America
WHDC

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