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Jane Springer - Genocide: A Groundwork Guide

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Genocide: A Groundwork Guide: summary, description and annotation

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What is genocide? Why does it happen, and what can be done to prevent it from happening again? These urgent questions are clearly and concisely explored for young adult readers.

Some view the systematic killing, rape and destruction of homes in Darfur as a grave humanitarian crisis. For others, its a clear example of the ultimate crime against humanity genocide. Who is right? What is genocide? What is the impact on humanity of wiping out entire groups of people? Who are the endangered human beings in todays world?

This thoughtful book helps young readers understand these and other difficult questions. Providing an overview of the history of genocide worldwide, the book explores the paradox that while a person who murders another person can be tried and even executed for the crime, a person who murders hundreds or thousands of people usually goes free. Using case studies the book points out their unique character while at the same time establishing important links between them. Most important, the book answers the question, what can be done to prevent genocide from happening in the future?

[The Groundwork Guides] are excellent books, mandatory for school libraries and the increasing body of young people prepared to take ownership of the situations and problems previous generations have left them. Globe and Mail

Correlates to the Common Core State Standards in English Language Arts:

CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RI.6.1

Cite textual evidence to support analysis of what the text says explicitly as well as inferences drawn from the text.

CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RI.6.2

Determine a central idea of a text and how it is conveyed through particular details; provide a summary of the text distinct from personal opinions or judgments.

CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RI.6.3

Analyze in detail how a key individual, event, or idea is introduced, illustrated, and elaborated in a text (e.g., through examples or anecdotes).

CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RI.6.6

Determine an authors point of view or purpose in a text and explain how it is conveyed in the text.

Jane Springer: author's other books


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Praise for Genocide in a lucid informal text Springer ably documents - photo 1
Praise for Genocide

... in a lucid, informal text, Springer ably documents particular crimes against humanity... A fine resource for Holocaust and genocide curriculums, and as a discussion starter for the topic of human rights.
Booklist

... the book gives an impassioned overview of a timely topic.
Horn Book

Readers will come away from the book wanting to do better, and be better, than the people who went before them who allowed such crimes to happen. Globe and Mail

... Springers passionate plea against the status quo lends her book an urgency and immediacy that pulls the reader equally through the dry legalism of United Nations statutes and the vivid horrors of genocides past and present... Highly Recommended. CM Magazine

... engaging and thought-provoking... an excellent primer for anyone interested in international human rights and the fate of humankind itself. Halifax Chronicle-Herald

The [Groundwork Guide] authors express strong viewpoints that are sure to jolt readers into ready agreement or opposition... These concise, straightforward titles are important additions to all collections.
School Library Journal

Each of the... well-written and engaging books in this valuable series provides a foundation for understanding an important subject relevant to current world stability and peace. Library Media Connection

Slavery Today Kevin Bales Becky Cornell The Betrayal of Africa Gerald Caplan - photo 2

Slavery Today

Kevin Bales & Becky Cornell

The Betrayal of Africa

Gerald Caplan

Sex for Guys

Manne Forssberg

Technology

Wayne Grady

Hip Hop World

Dalton Higgins

Democracy

James Laxer

Empire

James Laxer

Oil

James Laxer

Cities

John Lorinc

Pornography

Debbie Nathan

Being Muslim

Haroon Siddiqui

Genocide

Jane Springer

The News

Peter Steven

Gangs

Richard Swift

Climate Change

Shelley Tanaka

The Force of Law

Mariana Valverde

Series Editor

Jane Springer

Genocide

Jane Springer

Groundwood Books

House of Anansi Press

Toronto Berkeley

To Greg and Carl

Copyright 2006 by Jane Springer

Fourth paperback printing 2013


All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior written consent of the publisher or a license from The Canadian Copyright Licensing Agency (Access Copyright). For an Access Copyright license, visit www.accesscopyright.ca or call toll free to 1-800-893-5777.


Groundwood Books / House of Anansi Press

128 Sterling Road, Lower Level, Toronto, Ontario M6R 2B7

Distributed in the USA by Publishers Group West

1700 Fourth Street, Berkeley, CA 94710


We acknowledge for their nancial support of our publishing program the Canada Council for the Arts, the Government of Canada through the Canada Book Fund (CBF) and the Ontario Arts Council. Special thanks to the Ontario Media Development Corporation.

Library and Archives Canada Cataloguing in Publication Springer Jane Genocide - photo 3

Library and Archives Canada Cataloguing in Publication

Springer, Jane

Genocide / by Jane Springer.

(Groundwork guides)

Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN: 978-0-88899-681-7 (bound)

ISBN: 978-0-88899-682-4 (pbk.)

1. Genocide. 2. GenocideHistory. I. Title. II. Series.

HV6322.7.S67 2006 304.663 C2006-902732-3


Design by Michael Solomon

Contents
Chapter 1 Todays Genocide We knowmore about the realities of ethnically - photo 4
Chapter 1
Todays Genocide
We knowmore about the realities of ethnically targeted human destruction in Darfur than on any other previous such occasion in history. So much the greater is our moral disgrace.Eric Reeves

Bombed-out mud huts in a parched desert landscape. A two-year-old boy, face in the sand, beaten to death. Corpses stuffed into wells. An adult skeleton, wrists still tied behind its back. Anguished African women and small children in crowded refugee camps.

These images and others like them show up from time to time in the newspapers, on radio and TV. The situation in the Darfur region of Africas largest country, Sudan, goes on and off the radar of the Western media depending on what other news is catching their attention. Meanwhile, the killing of African villagers continues.

It frequently happens in the early morning. Hundreds of janjaweed (armed horsemen) ride into the villages on horses or camels, their turbans covering everything except for their eyes. The Sudanese air force, in planes or helicopter gunships, have usually bombed the villages rst, killing many people and scattering the rest, who are desperate to nd a place to hide. Then the janjaweed, backed up by government soldiers, round up the men and boys and take them out of the village. If the hostages are lucky, the janjaweed and soldiers just shoot them. More often they torture them rst. Sometimes they chain them together and burn them alive. Sometimes they behead them and throw their heads down a well to poison it for anyone left behind.

Many girls and women are kidnapped and brutally gang-raped, often in front of their families. It is common for the janjaweed to call the women slaves as they are raping them, shouting that now they will have Arab babies, and to mutilate or kill them afterwards.

The villages are utterly destroyed. First the janjaweed and soldiers take whatever they want money, jewelry, food, farm animals and then they set the huts on re so that there is nothing for anyone to come back to. The people who do manage to escape face a dangerous hungry trek to camps that are not much safer than their homes.

Many camps lack adequate food, shelter or health care. When women and girls leave the camps to gather rewood they risk being attacked and raped by janjaweed waiting to terrorize them.

How It Started

Sudans western province of Darfur is huge, the size of France. In early 2003, the largely Arab government of Sudan was confronted by a small rebel movement of African villagers in Darfur. The rebels, called the Sudanese Liberation Army, had taken up arms to protest the critical shortage of resources in Darfur and discrimination by the government in the capital, Khartoum. In response, the government turned to Arab nomads, the janjaweed, who were already often in conict with the African farmers over their land and cattle. The government supplied arms to the janjaweed nomads and ordered them to massacre the farmers and force survivors to ee their homes. Some of these nomads are from Chad and Libya, neighboring countries badly affected by drought.

The traditional conict between the Arabic nomads and African farmers has always been more of an economic conict than an ethnic one. But now the Sudanese government is promoting hatred against the Africans. This is in a place where most people are Muslims and most also have dark skin, so at least for foreigners, it is hard to tell the Arabs and the Africans apart.

An estimated 450,000 people from the Zaghawa, Masalit and Fur tribes have been killed or have died from starvation and disease since 2003. Another 2 million of Darfurs 6 million people have been forced to ee and are living in refugee camps, 220,000 of them in Chad. Approximately 3.5 million people in Darfur are in need of food because instability in the region and the scorched earth scenario have made it impossible for them to grow any crops.

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