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WESTS LAW SCHOOL
ADVISORY BOARD
_________
JESSE H. CHOPER
Professor of Law and Dean Emeritus,
University of California, Berkeley
JOSHUA DRESSLER
Professor of Law, Michael E. Moritz College of Law,
The Ohio State University
YALE KAMISAR
Professor of Law, University of San Diego
Professor of Law Emeritus, University of Michigan
MARY KAY KANE
Professor of Law, Chancellor and Dean Emeritus,
University of California,
Hastings College of the Law
LARRY D. KRAMER
Dean and Professor of Law, Stanford Law School
JONATHAN R. MACEY
Professor of Law, Yale Law School
ARTHUR R. MILLER
University Professor, New York University
Formerly Bruce Bromley Professor of Law, Harvard University
GRANT S. NELSON
Professor of Law, Pepperdine University
Professor of Law Emeritus, University of California, Los Angeles
A. BENJAMIN SPENCER
Professor of Law,
Washington & Lee University School of Law
JAMES J. WHITE
Professor of Law, University of Michigan
I
GOVERNMENT CONTRACTS
IN A NUTSHELL
Fifth Edition
By
STEVEN W. FELDMAN
Attorney Advisor,
U.S. Army Engineering and Support Center,
Huntsville, Alabama
W. NOEL KEYES
Emeritus, Pepperdine University
School of Law
Mat #41078903
II
Thomson Reuters created this publication to provide you with accurate and authoritative information concerning the subject matter covered. However, this publication was not necessarily prepared by persons licensed to practice law in a particular jurisdiction. Thomson Reuters does not render legal or other professional advice, and this publication is not a substitute for the advice of an attorney. If you require legal or other expert advice, you should seek the services of a competent attorney or other professional.
Nutshell Series, In a Nutshell and the Nutshell Logo are trademarks registered in the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.
COPYRIGHT a 1990 WEST PUBLISHING CO.
2000, 2004 West, a Thomson business
2011 Thomson Reuters
610 Opperman Drive
St. Paul, MN 55123
18003139378
Printed in the United States of America
ISBN: 9780314268518
III
I would like to thank two special persons for their support. First and foremost, to my dear wife, Gayla, for her continuing love and encouragement. She was with me every night (and many days) as I worked on this text. I also express my appreciation to my late wife of 25 years, Ann Feldman, who was a wonderful helpmate during our marriage, even in the final stages of her cancer.
V
PREFACE
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Contracting with the federal government is an important part of American economic life. The United States spends billions of dollars every year on the procurement of supplies, services, and construction. But government contracting also has unique problems and pitfalls. So, while many companies have become successful by concentrating most of their efforts on doing business with the federal government, either as a prime contractor or subcontractor, others have not fared as well.
The Government Contracts Nutshell, Fifth Edition, is intended to highlight the essential elements and principles of government contracting regarding both contract formation and contract administration. It provides the reader with a foundation for understanding how government procurement works in formal and informal ways. Ideally, this treatment will enable students to become familiar with the fundamentals of government contracting in a relatively short time.
As its title indicates, this text is a Nutshell, and not a full analysis of all contracting doctrines and procedures. Thomson Reuters has several multi-volume treatises devoted to this subject. Government contracting is a field filled with laws and regulations and countless significant legal decisions VI and is rife with protests, disputes and litigation. It is also a field in constant flux and has changed in major ways since the publication of the Fourth Edition of this book in 2004. Indeed, almost every chapter has been largely rewritten since the prior edition. Chapter numbering follows the coverage in the applicable part of the Federal Acquisition Regulation, the guidepost of federal executive branch contracting.
Although the Nutshells primary audience is the student of federal government procurement, those with contracting experience should also find it of value. The text has been organized to parallel the events that someone would probably experience as a government contractor or as a government contracting official or other procurement professional. For them, the book will serve as a guide to specific areas with which they may be unfamiliar and as a useful reference in those areas where they are already knowledgeable.
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This text was written by Mr. Feldman in his personal capacity and the views expressed do not represent those of any federal agency.
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GLOSSARY
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This Glossary is designed to serve two purposes. First, it is an abbreviations keya tool for translating the numerous specialized abbreviations and acronyms used throughout the text and footnotes in each chapter of the book. The list focuses on specialized abbreviations used in writing about and citing government contract authorities; it excludes many of the common abbreviations used in citing standard legal authorities. Second, the Glossary defines many of the specialized terms used in the field of government contracts.
AE Architect-engineer
A76 procurements Acquisitions implementing OMB Circular A76, as modified, which implements the Executive Branchs general policy to rely upon private enterprise for commercially available goods and services.
Accelerated procedure Procedure under the Contract Disputes Act whereby an appellant before an agency board of contract appeals can elect, for certain small claims, to have a decision issued on a claim within six months after making the election.
ACO Administrative Contracting Officer (responsible for contract administration).
XXXIV
Acquisition Plan A plan for managing the overall strategy for a proposed acquisition.
ADR Alternative dispute resolution
Administrative change A contract alteration that does not affect the substantive rights of the parties.
Administrative Contracting Officer The contracting officer that administers a particular contract.