George W Goetschius - Working with Community Groups

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The International Library of Sociology

WORKING WITH COMMUNITY GROUPS

Founded by KARL MANNHEIM

The International Library of Sociology

PUBLIC POLICY, WELFARE
AND SOCIAL WORK

In 18 Volumes

Working with Community Groups

Using Community Development as a Method of Social Work

A report of the development of a service to housing estate community groups by the London Council of Social Service, based on 15 years of field work experience using the community development approach and method.

by
George W. Goetschius

First published in 1969 by
Routledge

Reprinted 1998 (twice), 1999 (twice), 2001 (twice) by
Routledge
2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 4RN
Simultaneously published in the USA and Canada by Routledge
711 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10017
Transferred to Digital Printing 2007

Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group

First issued in paperback 2013

1969 George W. Goetschius

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilized in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers.

The publishers have made every effort to contact authors/copyright holders of the works reprinted in The International Library of Sociology . This has not been possible in every case, however, and we would welcome correspondence from those individuals/companies we have been unable to trace.

British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
A CIP catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library

Working with Community Groups

ISBN 978-0-415-17730-6 (hbk)
ISBN 978-0-415-86381-0 (pbk)

Publisher's Note
The publisher has gone to great lengths to ensure the quality of this reprint but points out that some imperfections in the original may be apparent

Contents

'The Field-Work Process' in Community Development

THE FACTORS AFFECTING THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE SERVICE

THE FURTHER DEVELOPMENT OF THE SERVICE

EXAMPLES OF FIELD-WORK PRACTICE: PAISLEY COMMON AS A REPRESENTATIVE COMMUNITY GROUP

SIX TYPICAL EXAMPLES OF HELPING A GROUP

THE ROLE OF THE WORKER: SKILLS AND TECHNIQUES

THE FUNDAMENTALS OF THE FIELD-WORK PROCESS

CONDITIONS OF FIELD-WORK PRACTICE

FACTORS AFFECTING THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE GROUPS

DIFFICULTIES OF THE WORKER AND THE AGENCY

FURTHER CONSIDERATIONS AND CONCLUSIONS

CONTINUED WORK RELATING TO HOUSING ESTATES

SPECIAL FIELD-WORK ENQUIRIES IN OTHER SETTINGS

COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT AS A METHOD OF SOCIAL WORK

Nothing is static about the social services. In some fields the need for social action is diminishing, in others it is increasing. Overall, there has been a vast development in the past twenty years, although pockets of resistance persist. New problems arise every year. No sooner do we begin to perfect our techniques in one direction than the need arises for us to apply greater pressure on another front.

It is not surprising, therefore, to find at the present time a noticeable change in emphasis in the methods of social work away from the casework approach with its great concern for the individual to the community work approach with its concern for adjusting the physical and social environment to satisfy the needs of the individual who lives in it.

This report by Mr. Goetschius for the London Council of Social Service is a valuable contribution to present thinking because it is soundly based on study of practical work in the field. Indeed the examples of field-work practice are so interesting and so realistic that one might be forgiven for overlooking the warning he gives that for reasons of confidentiality names have been disguised and field-work situations merged into single representative records.

The report will be invaluable to students of social work and all who work with adults and young people in the community. Indeed, its timely arrival will be welcomed by all who are concerned with the social problems of our contemporary society.

J. K. OWENS

Director, National Council of Social Service
April 1968

In 1950 there were 185,000 families on the then London County Council housing waiting list. Some came from a settled environment with a tightly knit network of street and neighbourhood life; others had been in the Forces, had been moved for the period of the war, or had lived with relatives, and as a result had not had a home of their own before. They all had housing need, and the local authorities operated a points scheme to ensure that those in the greatest need were given priority. As a result it was families with young children who went to live in the new L.C.C. flats which were being built all over London with a sense of urgency.

The London Council of Social Service, through a fairly comprehensive network of committees, acted as a link between voluntary organisations in London, and regarded it as one of its functions to attempt to meet new social needs as they arose. This was sometimes done through the voluntary organisations who were members of their Council, and sometimes by new experimental work of their own, or by reference to the local authority.

The Community Centres Department had always had a special concern for the social needs of people living in newly developed housing areas. This took the form in the pre-war years of promoting Community Associations and centres on the L.C.C. cottage estates at places on the periphery of Greater London such as Downham and St. Helier. From 1946 to 1949 the emphasis was on social provision on the new 'out-county' estates being built by the L.C.C. farther afield at places such as Oxhey, Harold Hill and St. Pauls Cray.

In 1949 the Housing and Education Departments of the L.C.C. made a grant to the London Council of Social Service to enable it to employ two workers instead of one in their small Community Centres Department. The work which is the subject, of this enquiry began then and still continues today. Mrs. Muriel Smith, whose training was in social work and youth work, became responsible for the Community Centres Department and was later joined by Mrs. Jill Wiltshire, whose special skills were in working with children and the planning of community centre activities. With the new grants from the L.C.C., interest was focused on inner London, although for some years work still continued on the out-county estates. This was gradually replaced either by the help given to associations through the National Federation of Community Associations or by the Education Authority in the county in which the estate was situated.

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