Lone Wolf and Autonomous Cell Terrorism
President Obama has declared that the greatest terrorist threat which America faces is attacks by lone wolf terrorists. This volume expands the lone wolf rubric to include autonomous cells: small groups of terrorists who cooperate, but operate independently. The challenge presented by lone wolves and autonomous cells, unlike the threat emanating from established terrorist groups like Al Qaeda, has proven intractable because of the difficulty of gathering intelligence on these actors or effectively countering their actions. Lone wolves operate under the radar, staging deadly attacks such as that at the Boston Marathon, and the 2011 attacks in Norway. This volume includes theory and policy studies, individual case studies, and the technological impacts of chemical, biological, and nuclear weapons as well as the impact of social media in the process of recruitment and radicalization.
This book was originally published as a special issue of Terrorism and Political Violence.
Jeffrey Kaplan is based in the Department of Religious Studies and Anthropology; and Institute for the Study of Religion, Violence, and Memory at the University of Wisconsin, Oshkosh, USA.
Helne Lw is based in the Department of History at Uppsala University, Sweden.
Leena Malkki is based at the Network for European Studies at the University of Helsinki, Finland.
First published 2015
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ISBN 13: 978-1-138-85122-1
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Publishers Note
The publisher accepts responsibility for any inconsistencies that may have arisen during the conversion of this book from journal articles to book chapters, namely the possible inclusion of journal terminology.
Disclaimer
Every effort has been made to contact copyright holders for their permission to reprint material in this book. The publishers would be grateful to hear from any copyright holder who is not here acknowledged and will undertake to rectify any errors or omissions in future editions of this book.
The chapters in this book were originally published in Terrorism and Political Violence, volume 26, issue 1 (JanuaryMarch 2014). When citing this material, please use the original page numbering for each article, as follows:
Chapter 1
Introduction to the Special Issue on Lone Wolf and Autonomous Cell Terrorism
Jeffrey Kaplan, Helne Lw, and Leena Malkki
Terrorism and Political Violence, volume 26, issue 1 (JanuaryMarch 2014) pp. 112
Chapter 2
On Tribalism: Auxiliaries, Affiliates, and Lone Wolf Political Violence
Jeffrey Kaplan and Christopher P. Costa
Terrorism and Political Violence, volume 26, issue 1 (JanuaryMarch 2014) pp. 1344
Chapter 3
Counterinsurgency and Lone Wolf Terrorism
George Michael
Terrorism and Political Violence, volume 26, issue 1 (JanuaryMarch 2014) pp. 4557
Chapter 4
Law Enforcement Tactics and Their Effectiveness in Dealing With American Terrorism: Organizations, Autonomous Cells, and Lone Wolves
Christopher Hewitt
Terrorism and Political Violence, volume 26, issue 1 (JanuaryMarch 2014) pp. 5868
Chapter 5
Toward a Profile of Lone Wolf Terrorists: What Moves an Individual From Radical Opinion to Radical Action
Clark McCauley and Sophia Moskalenko
Terrorism and Political Violence, volume 26, issue 1 (JanuaryMarch 2014) pp. 6985
Chapter 6
The Pre-1914 Anarchist Lone Wolf Terrorist and Governmental Responses
Richard Bach Jensen
Terrorism and Political Violence, volume 26, issue 1 (JanuaryMarch 2014) pp. 8694
Chapter 7
Men in Black: Dynamics, Violence, and Lone Wolf Potential
Jos Pedro Zquete
Terrorism and Political Violence, volume 26, issue 1 (JanuaryMarch 2014) pp. 95109
Chapter 8
Lone Wolf Islamic Terrorism: Abdulhakim Mujahid Muhammad (Carlos Bledsoe) Case Study
Daveed Gartenstein-Ross
Terrorism and Political Violence, volume 26, issue 1 (JanuaryMarch 2014) pp. 110128
Chapter 9
Crusader Dreams: Oslo 22/7, Islamophobia, and the Quest for a Monocultural Europe
Mattias Gardell
Terrorism and Political Violence, volume 26, issue 1 (JanuaryMarch 2014) pp. 129155
Chapter 10
Hatred of the System: Menacing Loners and Autonomous Cells in the Netherlands
Jelle van Buuren and Beatrice de Graaf
Terrorism and Political Violence, volume 26, issue 1 (JanuaryMarch 2014) pp. 156184
Chapter 11
Political Elements in Post-Columbine School Shootings in Europe and North America
Leena Malkki
Terrorism and Political Violence, volume 26, issue 1 (JanuaryMarch 2014) pp. 185210
Chapter 12
Lone Wolf Terrorism and Weapons of Mass Destruction: An Examination of Capabilities and Countermeasures
Patrick D. Ellis
Terrorism and Political Violence, volume 26, issue 1 (JanuaryMarch 2014) pp. 211225
Chapter 13
An Army of One: Assessing CBRN Pursuit and Use by Lone Wolves and Autonomous Cells
Gary A. Ackerman and Lauren E. Pinson
Terrorism and Political Violence, volume 26, issue 1 (JanuaryMarch 2014) pp. 226245
Chapter 14
Detecting Linguistic Markers for Radical Violence in Social Media
Katie Cohen, Fredrik Johansson, Lisa Kaati, and Jonas Clausen Mork
Terrorism and Political Violence, volume 26, issue 1 (JanuaryMarch 2014) pp. 246256
