Social Policy in Iran
This book provides in-depth analyses of the main social policy components and institutions in Iran. Its focus is on the period since 1979, although many of the developments are inevitably traced back to their pre-revolutionary origins. The first part of the book investigates socioeconomic trends and institutional developmentsincluding the significant role played by post-revolutionary para-governmental organizations in the delivery of social programs. The remaining chapters analyze the achievements and challenges of health, education, social insurance, housing, and employment policies, as well as the macroeconomics of poverty.
Pooya Alaedini is Associate Professor in the Department of Development and Social Policy, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Tehran.
The Routledge Political Economy of the Middle East and North Africa Series
Series editor: Hassan Hakimian, Professor of Economics and Director, Middle Eastern Studies Department, College of Humanities and Social Sciences (CHSS), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar.
1. Trade Policy and Economic Integration in the Middle East and North Africa
Economic boundaries in flux
Edited by Hassan Hakimian and Jeffrey B. Nugent
2. State Formation in Palestine
Viability and governance during a social transformation
Edited by Mushtaq Husain Khan
3. Palestinian Labour Migration to Israel
Land, labour and migrationLeila H. Farsakh
4. Islam and the Everyday World
Public policy dilemmas
Edited by Sohrab Behdad and Farhad Nomani
5. Monetary Policy and Central Banking in the Middle East and North Africa
Edited by David Cobham and Ghassan Dibeh
6. Economic Performance in the Middle East and North Africa
Institutions, corruption and reform
Edited by Serdar Sayan
7. Economic Liberalization and Turkey
Sbidey Togan
8. The Political Economy of Aid in Palestine
Relief from conflict or development delayed? Sahar Taghdisi-Rad
9. Money in the Middle East and North Africa
Monetary policy frameworks and strategies
Edited by David Cobham and Ghassan Dibeh
10. Irans Struggle for Economic Independence
Reform and counter-reform in the post-revolutionary eraEvaleila Pesaran
11. Economic and Trade Policies in the Arab World: Employment, Poverty Reduction and Integration
Edited by Mahmoud A.T. Elkhafif, Sahar Taghdisi-Rad and Mutasim Elagraa
12. Iran and the Global Economy
Petro populism, Islam and economic sanctions
Edited by Parvin Alizadeh and Hassan Hakimian
13. State-Business Alliances and Economic Development
Turkey, Mexico and North AfricaIk zel
14. Social Policy in Iran
Main Components and Institutions
Edited by Pooya Alaedini
Social Policy in Iran
Main Components and Institutions
Edited by Pooya Alaedini
First published 2022
by Routledge
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2022 Pooya Alaedini
The right of Pooya Alaedini to be identified as author of this work has been asserted in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
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ISBN: [978-0-367-56191-8] (hbk)
ISBN: [978-0-367-56192-5] (pbk)
ISBN: [978-1-003-09675-7] (ebk)
DOI: 10.4324/9781003096757
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Contents
Pooya Alaedini
Pooya Alaedini and Reza Omidi
Ali Hassanzadeh
Reza Omidi and Pooya Alaedini
Hessam Nikoupour and Narges Akbarpour-Roshan
Pooya Alaedini and Fardin Yazdani
Behrouz Hady Zonooz
Davood Souri
Inflation, Unemployment, and Per Capita Gross Domestic Product, 19702019. Source: World Bank (2020a)
Gini Trends from Statistical Center of Iran (SCI) and Central Bank of Iran (CBI), 19782019. Source: SCI (2020b); CBI (2020)
Organizational Chart of the Ministry of Cooperatives, Labor, and Social Welfare. Source: MCLSW (2020)
Health Sector Landscape in Iran
Sources of Financing in Irans Healthcare Sector. Source: Nouhi et al. (2019)
Out-of-pocket Payments by Type of Health Service or Good, 20072015 (in Constant 2011 Rials). Source: Hsu et al. (2019:19)
Out-of-pocket Payments by Type of Health Service in Lowest and Highest Income Quintiles, 20072015 (in Constant 2011 Rials). Source: Hsu et al. (2019:20)
Trends in Education and Government Expenditures in Iran, 19812018 (%). Source: World Bank (2020) (Education statistics based on UNESCO Institute for Statistics)
Trends in TIMSS Performance for Iran, 19952015. Source: Reproduced from Martin et al. (2016:48,54); Mullis et al. (2016:48,54)
Trends in Pension Coverage in Iran, 19762018. Note: SIFFRTP was established in 2005. Source: Data for 1976 and 1996 are from MCLSW (2017); data for other years are from SSO (2019b), CSPO (2018), and SIFFRTP (2019)
Changes in Employed and Unemployed Populations (aged 15 and over) and Unemployment Rates in Iran, 19762018. Source: SCI (2019)
Annual and Average Long-term Growth Rates in the Iranian Economy. Source: CBI (2020a)
Inflation and Minimum Wage Growth Rates, 20052019. Source: Data on inflation rates are from CBI (2020b), and data on minimum wages are from annual approvals of the Council of Ministers
Land, Home, Rental, Construction, and Consumer Price Indexes19762017. Source: Based on CBI, 2019
Changes in Land, Construction, and Housing Prices19762017. Source: Based on CBI, 2019
Number of Housing Units Provided to Beneficiaries of State Welfare Organization. Source: Direct communication with State Welfare Organization
Unemployed Population (Aged 10 and Above) in 2018 by Length of Unemployment and Employment Status during the Previous 5 Years (%). Source: SCI (2019a)
Long-term Labor Force Participation Rate of Population Aged 10 Years or Over, 20052018 (%). Source: Reproduced from SCI (2019a:45)
Unemployment Rates for Men and Women with Higher EducationYears 2006, 2011, and 2016 (%). Source: SCI (2017), census results for 2006, 2011, and 2016
Decomposition of Total Labor Productivity Growth, 19902011 (%). Source: Reproduced from IMF (2015:20), calculated by the staff of the International Monetary Fund based on Pen World Tables