Revolutionary Lives in South Asia
The term revolutionary is used liberally in histories of Indian anticolonialism, but scarcely defined. Implicitly understood, it functions as a signpost or a badge, generously conferred in hagiographies, loosely invoked in historiography, and strategically deployed in contemporary political contests. It is timely, then, to ask the question: Who counts as a revolutionary in South Asia? How can we read the revolutionary in Indian political formations? And what does it really mean to be revolutionary in turbulent late colonial times? This volume takes a biographical approach to the question, by examining the life stories of a series of activists, some well-known, who all defined themselves in explicitly revolutionary terms in the early twentieth century: V. D. Savarkar, M. N. Roy, Bhagat Singh, J.P. Narayan and Hansraj Vohra. The authors interrogate the subversive lives of these figures, tracing their polyglot influences and transnational impacts, to map out the discursive travels of the revolutionary in Indian historical and literary worlds from the early 1900s, and to indicate its reverberations in the politics of the present.
This book was originally published as a special issue of Postcolonial Studies.
Kama Maclean is Associate Professor of South Asian and World History at the University of New South Wales and editor of South Asia: Journal of South Asian Studies. She is the author of A Revolutionary History of Interwar India: Violence, Image, Voice and Text (London: Hurst & Co. New York: Oxford University Press, 2014).
J Daniel Elam teaches in the Asian American Studies Program at Northwestern University. His work has been published or is forthcoming in Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa, and the Middle East, Interventions, and American Quarterly.
Revolutionary Lives in South Asia
Acts and Afterlives of Anticolonial
Political Action
Edited by
Kama Maclean and J Daniel Elam
First published 2015
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Contents
Kama Maclean and J Daniel Elam
Vinayak Chaturvedi
J Daniel Elam
Pranav Jani
Kris Manjapra
Chris Moffat
Simona Sawhney
Aparna Vaidik
Vinayak Chaturvedi is Associate Professor in the Department of History at the University of California, Irvine. He has written on the social and intellectual history of western India and is presently completing a study on V D Savarkar and Indian political thought. He is the author of Peasant Pasts: History and Memory in Western India (2007), and the editor of Mapping Subaltern Studies and the Postcolonial (2012).
J Daniel Elam is a PhD candidate in the Rhetoric and Public Culture Program and a Lecturer in the Asian American Studies Program at Northwestern University. His work on Indian anticolonial thought during the interwar period focuses on writings by Dhan Gopal Mukerji, Lala Har Dayal, B.R. Ambedkar, and Bhagat Singh.
Pranav Jani is Associate Professor of English at Ohio State University, working in Postcolonial Studies, South Asian Studies, and Asian American Studies. He is the author of Decentering Rushdie: Cosmopolitanism and the Indian English Novel (2010), and is currently studying the changing legacies of the 1857 Revolt in colonial and postcolonial India. His articles have appeared in anthologies such as Marxism, Modernity, and Postcolonial Studies and Globalizing Dissent: Essays on Arundhati Roy. He is also a social justice activist and a contributor to SocialistWorker.org.
Kama Maclean is Associate Professor of South Asian and World History at the University of New South Wales and editor of South Asia: Journal of South Asian Studies. She is the author of several articles on the history, politics and praxis of the HSRA, and of the forthcoming monograph, A Revolutionary History of Interwar India: Violence, Image, Voice and Text (London: Hurst & Co., New York: Oxford University Press, 2014).
Kris Manjapra is Associate Professor of History at Tufts University. He is the author of Age of Entanglement: German and Indian Intellectuals across Empire (2014), M.N. Roy: Marxism and Colonial Cosmopolitanism (2010), and co-editor (with Sugata Bose) of Cosmopolitan Thought Zones: South Asia and the Global Circulation of Ideas (2010).
Chris Moffat is a PhD student in History at the University of Cambridge. He writes on ghosts, politics and the meaning of Bhagat Singh.
Simona Sawhney is Associate Professor in the Department of Humanities and Social Sciences at the Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi. She is the author of The Modernity of Sanskrit (2009). Her current project is about the political and theoretical significance of Bhagat Singh and the HSRA.
Aparna Vaidik is Associate Professor of History at Ashoka University, Haryana, India. She received her PhD from the Centre for Historical Studies, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi. Her first book is entitled Imperial Andamans: Colonial Encounter and Island History (2010). She is currently researching the history of the Indian revolutionary movement in north India in the early twentieth century.
Who is a revolutionary?
KAMA MACLEAN AND J DANIEL ELAM
In both Indian political and historiographical discourse, the moniker revolutionary is as slippery as it is indispensible. Who qualifies as a revolutionary? And who decides? For anyone familiar with historical and contemporary usages of the word in India, it is clear that there are several revolutionary registers simultaneously in use. This collection of essays aims to map out the discursive twists and travails of the revolutionary in Indian historical and literary worlds. The papers herein take a loosely biographical approach to the question, testing the claims and counterclaims to revolutionary status as they are made in political, cultural and academic contexts. Each of the researchers represented in this volume has grappled with this question in their work, and has at some stage been challenged with the demurral that a revolutionary is something else, or something more, than the usage that we encounter in the archive, in texts, and in popular culture.