Justice Reinvestment
Rising prison numbers on both sides of the Atlantic are cause for concern. Justice Reinvestment is a major movement in criminal justice reform in the US that is also attracting lots of interest in the UK. Justice Reinvestment is an approach to addressing the penal crisis that uses the best available evidence to redirect resources to more effective rehabilitation of offenders and better prehabilitation. It takes a holistic view of criminal justice and is particularly concerned to address the community dimensions of offending and re-offending. The authors highlight competing models of Justice Reinvestment and argue for a more radical version in which criminal justice reform is seen as part of a wider social justice reform programme.
This is the first substantial publication on Justice Reinvestment and shows that the movement has huge potential to re-shape the criminal justice system. It will be essential reading for undergraduate and post-graduate students with an interest in criminal justice reform. Practitioners and policy-makers working in the criminal justice systems of both the US and the UK will also value the fresh perspective it brings to criminal justice reform and its breadth of coverage, including insights into the penal crisis, different models of Justice Reinvestment, the use of criminal justice data and research evidence in redesigning criminal justice services, and new approaches to commissioning.
Chris Fox is Professor of Evaluation at Manchester Metropolitan University and Director of the Policy Evaluation and Research Unit there. He has undertaken numerous research and evaluation projects within the UK criminal justice system, including studies of the effectiveness of community sentences and prisoner resettlement projects.
Kevin Albertson is a researcher in the Policy Evaluation and Research Unit at Manchester Metropolitan University and a Principal Lecturer in the university's Department of Economics, with a focus on quantitative analysis. Kevin has extensive experience of forecasting and quantitative analysis in a commercial and social context, including work with the Ministry of Justice; charities; local government; British Steel (now Corus); Moors for the Future; and Chester Zoo. Kevin is a member of the International Institute of Forecasters and the Home Office's Economics and Resource Analysis Group (ERAG) Advisory Group.
Kevin Wong is Deputy Director of the Hallam Centre for Community Justice at Sheffield Hallam University and has both managed and evaluated a wide range of crime reduction and criminal justice services in the UK.
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9 | Doing Probation Work |
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10 | Justice Reinvestment |
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Chris Fox, Kevin Albertson and Kevin Wong |
Justice Reinvestment
Can the criminal justice system deliver more for less?
Chris Fox, Kevin Albertson and Kevin Wong
First published 2013
by Routledge
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Simultaneously published in the USA and Canada
by Routledge
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Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business
2013 Chris Fox, Kevin Albertson and Kevin Wong
The right of Chris Fox, Kevin Albertson and Kevin Wong to be identified as authors of this work has been asserted by them in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers.
Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe.
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A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
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ISBN: 978-0-415-50034-0 (hbk)
ISBN: 978-0-203-79594-1 (ebk)
Typeset in Times New Roman
by Wearset Ltd, Boldon, Tyne and Wear
Chris Fox dedicates this book to Mum and Tony and to Dad and Julia. Thank you for all your support over the years.
Kevin Albertson would like to thank his supportive colleagues at the Department of Economics, Manchester Metropolitan University. He dedicates this book to his beautiful, supportive and inspiring wife.
Kevin Wong dedicates this book to Catherine, Zahra and Francis.
Contents
The authors would like to thank all of those who agreed to be interviewed as part of the research for this book. The interviewees are listed in the Appendix.
The UK and the USA incarcerate a higher proportion of their populations than other comparable countries. Despite more than a decade of generally decreasing crime rates, incarceration rates have continued to rise. Is incarceration the best way to spend criminal justice resources? We would argue not nor is it a worthy approach to justice in supposedly free societies.
Introduction
This book aims to capture the birth and early history of a new movement in criminal and social justice in both the USA and the UK: Justice Reinvestment. At its heart, Justice Reinvestment (JR) postulates that it is more economically efficient to prevent criminality in a neighbourhood than it is to try to live with crime and the consequences of crime. This holistic approach locates JR within economic and political debates about criminal justice. However, the breadth of its vision means that it also touches upon broader debates about social justice and the type of society we want to live in.