Marcus Felson - Crime and Everyday Life

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Crime and Everyday Life

Sixth Edition

To our friends and colleagues in ECCA who mean so much to us.

Crime and Everyday Life

A Brief Introduction

Sixth Edition

• Marcus Felson
• Texas State University
• Mary A. Eckert
• MA Eckert Consulting, LLC

• Los Angeles
• London
• New Delhi
• Singapore
• Washington DC
• Melbourne

FOR INFORMATION:

SAGE Publications, Inc.

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Thousand Oaks, California 91320

E-mail: order@sagepub.com

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Copyright 2019 by SAGE Publications, Inc.

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher.

Printed in the United States of America

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Names: Felson, Marcus, 1947- author. | Eckert, Mary (Mary A.) author.

Title: Crime and everyday life : a brief introduction / Marcus Felson, Texas State University, Mary Eckert, MA Eckert Consulting, LLC.

Description: Sixth Edition. | Thousand Oaks : SAGE Publications, [2018] | Revised edition of the authors Crime and everyday life, [2016] | Includes bibliographical references and index.

Identifiers: LCCN 2018017694 | ISBN 9781506394787 (pbk. : alk. paper)

Subjects: LCSH: CrimeUnited States. | Crime preventionUnited States. | Social control.

Classification: LCC HV6789 .F45 2018 | DDC 364.973dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2018017694

This book is printed on acid-free paper.

Acquisitions Editor: Jessica Miller

Editorial Assistant: Rebecca Lee

Production Editor: Kimaya Khashnobish

Copy Editor: Lana Arndt

Typesetter: C&M Digitals (P) Ltd.

Proofreader: Theresa Kay

Cover Designer: Ginkhan Siam

Marketing Manager: Jillian Ragusa

Brief Contents

Preface to the Sixth Edition

In this book, we offer you a route toward clear and critical thinking about crime that can help you play a role in crime reduction. Our emphasis is on very practical ways to act against crime and useful theoretical ideas to assist practical crime prevention.

We start the book by helping you

• overcome popular fallacies about crime,
• think about crime in tangible terms, and
• learn examples and principles for crime reduction in daily life.

Our book uses plain language and plain thinking. That means avoiding grand theorizing. Instead, we build the book on a middle-range theorythe routine activity approach. With the help of the crime triangle, that approach is easy to learn and remember. We also draw many examples from situational crime prevention.

Instead of studying criminality in a broad and general sense, we focus on criminal acts in a more specific way. This book emphasizes modus operandiwho, what, when, where, and how each specific type of crime occurs. We always ask, What can be done here and now to prevent crime from happening?

The answer requires learning how the offender thinks and what the offender wants. Even violent offenders respond to practical changes in the settings where violent acts occur. In explaining criminal events and offender decisions, we offer you a clear perspective for thinking about crime and a practical guide for acting against it.

This is the sixth edition of a book that first appeared two decades ago. The book keeps changing. The current edition includes material never presented elsewhere. We offer additional details, refined ideas, new charts, and updated references and statistics. For example, charts how adolescent peer group presence contributes to delinquency and how youths mix delinquent and nondelinquent peers in their daily activities. It also charts the risk of participation in crime while youths are together without adults present.

Within several chapters, we offer information about cybercrime and how to think about it. In includes examples of cybercrime control using situational crime prevention.

In , the final chapter, we define an age of exposure with increased dependence on organizations and cyberspace. We introduce cultural lag theory, which shows us how technology can leap ahead and create problems, while nonmaterial culture lags behind technologyunable at first to address those problems. New developments bombard individuals with crime risks that they have not yet learned to address. Cultural lag theory helps organize quite a lot of information about how society is confronted with new challenges and struggles to respond to.

Despite these changes, this edition is shorter than the last. We worked very hard to streamline the writing, saying more in fewer words.

We use the first person singular through most of the book to personalize the message and strengthen communication. Our purpose is simple: We want you to remember what we teach long after you have graduated. Your long-term assignment is the most important oneto find practical ways to reduce crime.

Marcus Felson and Mary A. Eckert

Austin, Texas

March 2018

Acknowledgments

We again thank the many members of the Environmental Criminology and Crime Analysis (ECCA) group for their longstanding support. We also acknowledge our many colleagues and students at Texas State University who sustain us in so many ways. We extend our gratitude to Jessica Miller at SAGE for seeing us through the publication process.

SAGE would also like to acknowledge the following reviewers whose feedback helped shape the new edition:

• Michael S. Barton, Louisiana State University
• Shawna Cleary, School of Criminal Justice, University of Central Oklahoma
• Ellen G. Cohn, Ph.D., Florida International University
• Christopher T. Conner, Assistant Professor at Washburn University
• Kim MacInnis, Professor of Sociology, Bridgewater State University
• Daniel Osborne, Empire State College
• James L. Wright, Ph.D., Dalton State College

About the Authors

Marcus Felsonis the originator of the routine activity approach and of Crime and Everyday Life. He has also authored Crime and Nature and serves as professor at Texas State University in San Marcos, Texas. He has a B.A. from University of Chicago, an M.A. and Ph.D. from the University of Michigan, and has received the

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