ROUTLEDGE LIBRARY EDITIONS: RACISM AND FASCISM
Volume 8
THE IDEOLOGY OF THE BRITISH RIGHT, 19181939
THE IDEOLOGY OF THE BRITISH RIGHT, 19181939
G. C. WEBBER
First published in 1986 by Croom Helm Ltd
This edition first published in 2016
by Routledge
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1986 G. C. Webber
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British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
ISBN: 978-1-138-93422-1 (Set)
ISBN: 978-1-315-66966-3 (Set) (ebk)
ISBN: 978-1-138-93514-3 (Volume 8) (hbk)
ISBN: 978-1-315-67758-3 (Volume 8) (ebk)
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THE IDEOLOGY OF THE BRITISH RIGHT 19181939
G. C. WEBBER
G. C. Webber 1986
Croom Helm Ltd, Provident House, Burrell Row,
Beckenham, Kent BR3 1AT
Croom Helm Australia Pty Ltd, Suite 4, 6th Floor,
6476 Kippax Street, Surry Hills, NSW 2010, Australia
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
Webber, G. C.
The ideology of the British Right.
1. Conservatism Great Britain History 20th century. 2. Great Britain Politics and government 19101936 3. Great Britain Politics and government 19361945
I. Title
320.941 JN1121
ISBN 0709936710
Printed and bound in Great Britain by
Biddles Ltd, Guildford and Kings Lynn
CONTENTS
For my Mother and Father
I am particularly grateful to Dr Martin Ceadel of New College, Oxford, for his stimulating criticisms and suggestions, his continued interest and his unfailing support over the past few years; to Nevil Johnson, the late Philip Williams and Vincent Wright, all of Nuffield College, Oxford, for helping me to clarify my ideas; to Michael Brock of Nuffield College, Oxford, Michael Freeden of Mansfield College, Oxford, and Martin Pugh of the University of Newcastle upon Tyne for reading various chapters of the book and the thesis upon which it is based; to Robert Skidelsky of the University of Warwick and Gillian Peele of Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford, for their comments as examiners of my thesis; and to the Fellows of Nuffield College, Oxford, for the grant that enabled me to complete my work so swiftly.
I would like to thank the following for allowing me to quote from documents in their possession: the Bodleian Library, Oxford; Lord Croft; the Masters, Fellows and Scholars of Churchill College in the University of Cambridge; Vice-Admiral Sir Ian Hogg; Mrs D. M. Maxse; Patricia Gill, County Archivist, West Sussex Record Office; the Duke of Northumberland; the Marquess of Salisbury; the Earl of Selborne; and the Syndics of Cambridge University Library. I would also like to thank Stephen Stacey of the Bodleian Library, Oxford, for helping me to find my way through the Conservative Party archives, and Robin Harcourt Williams for his help and hospitality on my visits to Hatfield House.
Finally, but by no means least, I am greatly indebted to all my friends and colleagues, especially to Rhodri Williams of St. Peters College, Oxford, Chris Collins and Philip Hunt, each of whom influenced my work, and to Christine Morgan who did more than anyone else to keep my academic interests in perspective.
The following abbreviations have occasionally been used in the text, notes and bibliography.
(a) Organisations
AGF | Anglo-German Fellowship |
ASU | Anti-Socialist Union |
BCAEC | British Council Against European Commitments |
BCU | British Commonwealth Union |
BFs | British Fascists |
BPP | British Peoples Party |
BUF | British Union of Fascists |
BWL | British Workers League |
CINEF | Centre International dEtudes sur la Fascisme |
EEU | Empire Economic Union |
EIA | Empire Industries Association |
FBI | Federation of British Industry |
IDC | India Defence Committee |
IDL | India Defence League |
IES | Indian Empire Society |
IEUG | Imperial Economic Unity Group |
IFL | Imperial Fascist League |
ILP | Independent Labour Party |
MCU | Middle Classes Union |
NCA | National Constitutional Association |
OMS | Organisation for the Maintenance of Supplies |
UBC | Unionist Business Committee |
UBI | Union of Britain and India |
UEP | United Empire Party |
(b) Publications
APSR | American Political Science Review |
EHR | English Historical Review |
ER | English Review |
HJ | Historical Journal |
IER | Indian Empire Review |
JBS | Journal of British Studies |
JCH | Journal of Contemporary History |
JMH | Journal of Modern History |
NEW | New English Weekly |
PS | Political Studies |
PQ | Political Quarterly |
(c) Dates
Note that in the abbreviation of dates the British rather than the American system has been employed. For example, 3.8.22 refers to 3 August 1922.