DEMOCRACY AND ISLAM IN INDONESIA
Religion, Culture, and Public Life
RELIGION, CULTURE, AND PUBLIC LIFE
Series Editors: Alfred Stepan and Mark C. Taylor
The resurgence of religion calls for careful analysis and constructive criticism of new forms of intolerance as well as new approaches to tolerance, respect, mutual understanding, and accommodation. In order to promote serious scholarship and informed debate, the Institute for Religion, Culture, and Public Life and Columbia University Press are sponsoring a book series devoted to the investigation of the role of religion in society and culture today. This series includes works by scholars in religious studies, political science, history, cultural anthropology, economics, social psychology, and other allied fields whose work sustains multidisciplinary and comparative as well as transnational analyses of historical and contemporary issues. The series focuses on issues related to questions of difference, identity, and practice within local, national, and international contexts. Special attention is paid to the ways in which religious traditions encourage conflict, violence, and intolerance and also support human rights, ecumenical values, and mutual understanding. By mediating alternative methodologies and different religious, social, and cultural traditions, books published in this series will open channels of communication that facilitate critical analysis.
After Pluralism: Reimagining Religious Engagement, edited by Courtney Bender and Pamela E. Klassen
Religion and International Relations Theory, edited by Jack Snyder
Religion in America: A Political History, Denis Lacorne
Democracy, Islam, and Secularism in Turkey, edited by Ahmet T. Kuru and Alfred Stepan
Refiguring the Spiritual: Beuys, Barney, Turrell, Goldsworthy, Mark C. Taylor
Tolerance, Democracy, and Sufis in Senegal, edited by Mamadou Diouf
Democracy and Islam in Indonesia
Edited by
Mirjam Knkler and Alfred Stepan
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E-ISBN 978-0-231-53505-2
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Democracy and Islam in Asia / edited by Mirjam Knkler and Alfred Stepan.
pages. cm. (Religion, culture, and public life)
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-0-231-16190-9 (cloth : alk. paper) ISBN 978-0-231-16191-6 (pbk. : alk. paper) ISBN 978-231-53505-2 (ebook)
1. Islam and politicsIndonesia. 2. DemocracyIndonesia. 3. IndonesiaPolitics and government1998I. Knkler, Mirjam, 1977editor of compilation. II. Stepan, Alfred C., editor of compilation. III. Series: Religion, culture, and public life.
BP63.I5D457 2013
320.9598dc23
2013000949
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CONTENTS
Mirjam Knkler and Alfred Stepan
R. William Liddle and Saiful Mujani
Mirjam Knkler
Franz Magnis-Suseno, SJ
Marcus Mietzner
Sidney Jones
Edward Aspinall
John R. Bowen
Tim Lindsey and Simon Butt
We are thankful to the Institute for Religion, Culture, and Public Life and the Center for the Study of Democracy, Toleration, and Religion at Columbia University as well as to the Henry R. Luce Initiative on Religion and International Affairs for funding research and conferences on democracy in Muslim majority countries such as Indonesia. Thanks also go to Melissa Van and Emily Brennan for their organizational assistance. The chapters of this book were improved greatly by the intellectually rich contributions by several other conference participants and colleagues to whom we want to give special thanks: Dodi Ambardi, Azyumardi Azra, Michael Buehler, Greg Fealy, Colm Fox, Robert Hefner, Nadirsyah Hosen, Jeremy Menchik, and Musdah Mulia.
BIN | Badan Intelijen Negara (National Intelligence Agency) |
DPR | Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat (Peoples Representative Council) |
FPI | Front Pembela Islam (Islamic Defenders Front) |
GAM | Gerakan Aceh Merdeka (Free Aceh Movement) |
GDP | gross domestic product |
Golkar | Golongan Karya (Functional Groups) |
HMI | Himpunan Mahasiswa Indonesia (Islamic Students Association) |
HTI | Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia (Indonesian Party of Liberation) |
IAIN | Institut Agama Islam Negeri (State Islamic Institute) |
JAT | Jamaah Ansharut Tauhid (Group for the Oneness of God Partisans) |
JI | Jemaah Islamiyah (Islamic Community) |
KOMPAK | Mujahidin Komite Aksi Penanggulangan Akibat Krisis (Mujahideen Crisis Management/Prevention Committee) |
KPPSI | Komite Persiapan dan Penegakan Syariat Islam (Committee for the Preparation and Creation of Islamic Sharia) |
LeIP | Lembaga Kajian dan Advokasi untuk Independensi Peradilan (Indonesian Institute for an Independent Judiciary) |
LSI | Lembaga Survei Indonesia (Indonesian Survey Institute) |
Masyumi | Majelis Syuro Muslimin Indonesia (Council of Indonesian Muslim Associations) |
MMI | Majelis Mujahidin Indonesia (Indonesian Jihad Fighters Council) |
MPR | Majelis Permusyawaratan Rakyat (Peoples Consultative Assembly) |
MPU | Majelis Permusyawaratan Ulama (Ulama Deliberative Council) |
MUI | Majelis Ulama Indonesia (Indonesian Ulama Council) |
NGO | nongovernmental organization |
NU | Nahdlatul Ulama (Rise of the Ulama) |
Parmusi | Partai Muslimin Indonesia (Muslim Party of Indonesia) |
PDI | Partai Demokrasi Indonesia (Indonesian Democracy Party) |
PDIP | Partai Demokrasi Indonesia Perjuangan (Indonesian Democracy Party/Struggle) |
PK | Partai Keadilan (Justice Party) |
PKI | Partai Komunis Indonesia (Indonesian Communist Party) |