John S. Wilkins - Species: the evolution of the idea

Species The Evolution of the Idea Second Edition Species and Systematics The Species and Systematics series will investigate the theory and practice of sys tematics, phylogenetics, and taxonomy and explore their importance to biology in a series of comprehensive volumes aimed at students and researchers in biology and in the history and philosophy of biology. The book series will examine the role of bio logical diversity studies at all levels of organization and focus on the philosophical and theoretical underpinnings of research in biodiversity dynamics. The philosoph of rapidly expanding data and technologies will be among the themes explored by this series. Approaches to topics in Species and Systematics may include detailed studies of systematic methods, empirical studies of exemplar taxonomic groups, and historical treatises on central concepts in systematics. Editor in Chief: Kipling Will (University of California, Berkeley) Editorial Board Sandra Carlson (University of California, Davis, USA) Marcelo R. de Carvalho (University of Sao Paulo, Brazil) Darren Curnoe (University of New South Wales, Australia) Malte C.

Ebach (University of New South Wales, Australia) Christina Flann (Netherlands Centre for Biodiversity Naturalis, The Netherlands) Anthony C. Gill (Smithsonian Institution, USA) Mark S. Harvey (Western Australian Museum, Australia) David R. Maddison (Oregon State University, Corvallis, USA) Olivier Rieppel (The Field Museum, Chicago, USA) Felix Sperling (Strickland Museum of Entomology, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada) David M. Williams (The Natural History Museum, London, UK) Ren Zarageta i Bagils (University of Paris 6, France) Science Publisher: Charles R. Crumly, CRC Press/Taylor & Francis For more information visit: www.crcpress.com/Species-and-Systematics/book-series/CRCSPEANDSYS Species and Systematics The Species and Systematics series will investigate the theory and practice of sys Species tematics, phylogenetics, and taxonomy and explore their importance to biology in a series of comprehensive volumes aimed at students and researchers in biology and in The Evolution of the Idea the history and philosophy of biology.

The book series will examine the role of bio Second Edition logical diversity studies at all levels of organization and focus on the philosophical and theoretical underpinnings of research in biodiversity dynamics. The philosoph of rapidly expanding data and technologies will be among the themes explored by this series. Approaches to topics in Species and Systematics may include detailed studies of systematic methods, empirical studies of exemplar taxonomic groups, and historical treatises on central concepts in systematics. Editor in Chief: Kipling Will (University of California, Berkeley) Editorial Board Sandra Carlson (University of California, Davis, USA) John S. Wilkins Marcelo R. de Carvalho (University of Sao Paulo, Brazil) Darren Curnoe (University of New South Wales, Australia) Malte C.

Ebach (University of New South Wales, Australia) Christina Flann (Netherlands Centre for Biodiversity Naturalis, The Netherlands) Anthony C. Gill (Smithsonian Institution, USA) Mark S. Harvey (Western Australian Museum, Australia) David R. Maddison (Oregon State University, Corvallis, USA) Olivier Rieppel (The Field Museum, Chicago, USA) Felix Sperling (Strickland Museum of Entomology, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada) David M. Williams (The Natural History Museum, London, UK) Ren Zarageta i Bagils (University of Paris 6, France) Science Publisher: Charles R. Crumly, CRC Press/Taylor & Francis For more information visit: www.crcpress.com/Species-and-Systematics/book-series/CRCSPEANDSYS CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300 Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742 2018 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC CRC Press is an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group, an Informa business No claim to original U.S.

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Title: Species : the evolution of the idea / John S. Wilkins. Description: Second edition. | Boca Raton : Taylor & Francis, 2018. | Series: Species and systematics | Revised edition of: Species : a history of the idea. | Includes bibliographical references. | Includes bibliographical references.

Identifiers: LCCN 2017041905 | ISBN 9781138055742 (hardback : alk. paper) Subjects: LCSH: Species--History. | Species--Philosophy. Classification: LCC QH83 .W527 2018 | DDC 577--dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2017041905 Visit the Taylor & Francis Web site at http://www.taylorandfrancis.com and the CRC Press Web site at http://www.crcpress.com In memory of David Lee Hull, 19352010,from whom I learned much, and by whom I wasalways encouraged, despite our disagreements. http://taylorandfrancis.com Contents SECTIONChapterChapterChapterviiviii Contents ChapterChapter Contents ixChapterChapterSECTION II Modern DebatesChapterChapterx Contents ChapterChapterSECTIONChapterChapter Contents xiChapterxii Contents Platos classification of angling..........................................................8 The Tree of Porphyry, compared with a cladogram........................... 25 Representations of the Great Chain......................................................51 The Tree of Ramus................................................................................... 63 Bonnets scale of nature........................................................................... 93 Quinarian schemes.................................................................................... 95 Lamarcks tree............................................................................... 126 Ecospecies and coenospecies......................................................... 203 Lineages, redrawn from de Quierioz................................................. 237 Phylogenetic species concepts............................................................... 242 Hennigs view of systematic relationships......................................... 245 Basic and derived conceptions of species....................................... 306 The carpet model of asexual strains.............................................. 320 Pie and Weitz simulation of speciation............................................ 322 Lateral transfer............................................................................325 Quasispecies.................................................................................. 327 Tracking fitness peaks.................................................................. 328 Contributions to species cohesion................................................329 Asexual and sexual species and niche selection............................330