2016 by David L. Mathewson and Elodie Ballantine Emig
Published by Baker Academic
a division of Baker Publishing Group
P.O. Box 6287, Grand Rapids, MI 49516-6287
www.bakeracademic.com
Ebook edition created 2016
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any meansfor example, electronic, photocopy, recordingwithout the prior written permission of the publisher. The only exception is brief quotations in printed reviews.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data is on file at the Library of Congress, Washington, DC.
ISBN 978-1-4934-0463-6
Quotations from the Greek New Testament are from The Greek New Testament: SBL Edition. Copyright 2010 Society of Biblical Literature and Logos Bible Software.
We dedicate this book to the glory of God and with love to our children:
Caleb & Kara, Jordan, and Ally Mathewson
Peter and Alex & Mackenzie Emig
T HE N EW J ERUSALEM
We believe that the study of biblical Greek is, among other things, a spiritual journey, so the drawing is of a path to the new Jerusalem. [ Sarah Godfrey ]
C ONTENTS
A CKNOWLEDGMENTS
We wish to express our gratitude to those who have helped us with this grammar. Our colleagues at Denver Seminary have been nothing but encouraging and supportive; in particular we thank Bill Klein, Craig Blomberg, Erin Heim, Danny Carroll R., Rick Hess, and Hlne Dallaire. We are also grateful for our students, without whom we would not have taken on such a task. Much of the material in this book has been tested in our Greek exegesis courses, and we are grateful for the input and overwhelmingly positive response of our many students who interacted with this material. We thank our graders who freed us up to do research and write: Joe Terracina, Jon Groce, Emmanuel Engulu, and Spencer Trefzger.
It is also important to acknowledge our debt to those who read any or all of the drafts of our manuscript: Ben Crenshaw, Sue Bailey, Erin Heim, Craig Blomberg, Hlne Dallaire, Don Payne, and Roy Ciampa. Their careful attention to the manuscript and helpful comments saved us from several mistakes. But as it is customary to acknowledge, any shortcomings are not to be attributed to them but to us!
We are also extremely grateful to Jim Kinney and James Ernest for their initial interest in our book and the invitation to publish it with Baker Academic. This volume would not be what it is without the stellar editorial work of Wells Turner. The entire staff at Baker Academic has been a joy to work with throughout the entire process!
I (Elodie) thank my New Song Church family (especially Beth & Loren, Iris, Josh & Jen, Sarah & Brett, and Sue), my BBB womens group (Hlne, Lori, Ramona, Su, and Sue), and Austin & Robyn for tons of prayers along the way.
I (Dave) would like to thank my small group at Aspen Ridge Church in Evergreen, Colorado, for their interest in this book and continual prayers.
Finally, we thank our children, Caleb & Kara, Jordan, and Ally Mathewson; Peter and Alex & Mackenzie Emig. They have encouraged, inspired, and loved us all along the way. It is to them that we lovingly dedicate this book. But above all, we give God the glory for sustaining us for the duration!
A BBREVIATIONS
General and Bibliographic
acc. | accusative case |
BCE | before the Common Era |
BDAG | Walter Bauer, Frederick W. Danker, William F. Arndt, and F. Wilbur Gingrich. A Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature . Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2000. |
BDF | Friedrich Blass and Albert Debrunner. A Greek Grammar of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature . Translated and edited by Robert A. Funk. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1961. |
Black | David Alan Black. Its Still Greek to Me: An Easy-to-Understand Guide to Intermediate Greek . Grand Rapids: Baker, 1998. |
Brooks and Winbery | J. A. Brooks and C. L. Winbery. Syntax of New Testament Greek . Lanham, MD: University Press of America, 1979. |
CE | Common Era |
chap(s). | chapter(s) |
Dana and Mantey | H. E. Dana and Julius Mantey. A Manual Grammar of the Greek New Testament . New York: Macmillan, 1955. |
dat. | dative case |
ESV | English Standard Version |
gen. | genitive case |
JSNTSup | Journal for the Study of the New Testament Supplement Series |
KJV | King James Version |
LXX | Septuagint, Greek translation of the Hebrew Bible |
Moule | C. F. D. Moule. An Idiom Book of New Testament Greek . 2nd ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1959. |
Mounce | William D. Mounce. The Basics of Biblical Greek Grammar . 3rd ed. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2009. |
NA | Eberhard and Erwin Nestle, Barbara and Kurt Aland, et al., eds. Novum Testamentum Graece . 28th rev. ed. Stuttgart: Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft, 2012. |
NICNT | New International Commentary on the New Testament |
NIV | New International Version |
NRSV | New Revised Standard Version |
NT | New Testament |
OT | Old Testament |
PNTC | Pillar New Testament Commentary |
Porter | Stanley E. Porter. Idioms of the Greek New Testament . 2nd, corrected ed. Sheffield: JSOT Press, 1994. |
Robertson | A. T. Robertson. A Grammar of the Greek New Testament in the Light of Historical Research . 4th ed. Nashville: Broadman, 1934. |
SBLGNT | The Greek New Testament: SBL Edition. Edited by Michael W. Holmes. Atlanta: SBL Press, 2010. |
Turner | Nigel Turner. Syntax . Vol. 3 of A Grammar of New Testament Greek . By James Hope Moulton, Wilbert Francis Howard, and Nigel Turner. Edinburgh: T&T Clark, 1963. |
UBS | Barbara and Kurt Aland, et al., eds. The Greek New Testament . 5th rev. ed. Stuttgart: United Bible Societies, 2014. |
Wallace | Daniel B. Wallace. Greek Grammar beyond the Basics . Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1996. |
Young | Richard A. Young. Intermediate New Testament Greek: A Linguistic and Exegetical Approach . Nashville: Broadman & Holman, 1994. |
Zerwick | Maximilian Zerwick. Biblical Greek: Illustrated by Examples . Rome: Pontificio Istituto Biblico, 1963. |
Old Testament
Gen. | Genesis |
Exod. | Exodus |
Lev. | Leviticus |
Num. | Numbers |
Deut. | Deuteronomy |
Josh. | Joshua |
Judg. | Judges |
Ruth | Ruth |
12 Sam. | 12 Samuel |
12 Kings | 12 Kings |
12 Chron. | 12 Chronicles |
Ezra | Ezra |
Neh. | Nehemiah |
Esther | Esther |
Job | Job |
Ps(s). | Psalm(s) |
Prov. | Proverbs |
Eccles. | Ecclesiastes |
Song | Song of Songs |
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