Fortress Commentary on the Bible
THE
NEW TESTAMENT
Margaret Aymer
Cynthia Briggs Kittredge
David A. Snchez
Editors
Fortress Press
Minneapolis
FORTRESS COMMENTARY ON THE BIBLE: The New Testament
Copyright 2014 Fortress Press. All rights reserved. Except for brief quotations in critical articles and reviews, no part of this book may be reproduced in any manner without prior written permission from the publisher. Visit http://www.augsburgfortress.org/copyrights/contact.asp or write to Permissions, Augsburg Fortress, Box 1209, Minneapolis, MN 55440.
Unless otherwise noted, Scripture quotations are from New Revised Standard Version Bible, copyright 1989 by the Division of Education of the National Council of Churches of Christ in the United States of America.
Advisory Board: Walter Brueggemann, William R. Herzog II, Richard A. Horsley, Elisabeth Schssler Fiorenza, Gale A. Yee
Fortress Press Publication Staff: Neil Elliott and Scott Tunseth, Project Editors; Marissa Wold, Production Manager; Laurie Ingram, Cover Design.
Copyeditor: Jeffrey A. Reimer
Proofreader: David Cottingham and Linda Maloney
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication is available
ISBN: 978-0-8006-9917-8
eISBN: 978-1-4514-8955-2
CONTENTS
Kwok Pui-lan
Lawrence M. Wills
Margaret Aymer
David A. Snchez
Raymond Pickett
Warren Carter
Raquel S. Lettsome
Robert L. Brawley
Adele Reinhartz
Demetrius K. Williams
Michal Beth Dinkler
Neil Elliott
Cynthia Briggs Kittredge
Laura S. Nasrallah
David E. Fredrickson
Brigitte Kahl
Jennifer G. Bird
Julia Lambert Fogg
Sylvia C. Keesmaat
Edward Pillar
Deborah Krause
Deborah Krause
Eric D. Barreto
Neil Elliott
David A. deSilva
Timothy B. Cargal
David L. Bartlett
Pheme Perkins
Jaime Clark-Soles
Pheme Perkins
Barbara R. Rossing
Volume Editors
Margaret Aymer
Associate Professor of New Testament and Chair of Biblical Studies Interdenominational Theological Center
Rootlessness and Community in Contexts of Diaspora
Cynthia Briggs Kittredge
Dean and President and Professor of New Testament
Seminary of the Southwest
Romans
David A. Snchez
Associate Professor of Theological Studies
Loyola Marymount University
The Apocalyptic Legacy of Early Christianity
Eric D. Barreto
Associate Professor of New Testament
Luther Seminary
Philemon
David L. Bartlett
Professor of New Testament Emeritus
Columbia Theological Seminary
1 Peter
Jennifer G. Bird
Independent Scholar
Portland, Oregon
Ephesians
Robert L. Brawley
Professor of New Testament Emeritus
McCormick Theological Seminary
Luke
Timothy B. Cargal
Coordinator for Preparation for Ministry and Assistant Stated Clerk
Office of the General Assembly, Presbyterian Church (U.S.A.)
James
Warren Carter
Professor of New Testament
Brite Divinity School
Matthew
Jaime Clark-Soles
Associate Professor of New Testament
SMU Perkins School of Theology
1, 2, 3 John
David A. deSilva
Trustees Distinguished Professor of New Testament and Greek
Ashland Theological Seminary
Hebrews
Michal Beth Dinkler
Assistant Professor of New Testament
Yale Divinity School
The Acts of the Apostles
Neil Elliott
Acquiring Editor, Biblical Studies
Fortress Press
Situating the Apostle Paul in His Day and Engaging His Legacy in Our Own
Introduction to Hebrews, the General Epistles, and Revelation
Julia Lambert Fogg
Associate Professor of New Testament and Early Christianity, Chair of Religion
California Lutheran University
Philippians
David E. Fredrickson
Professor of New Testament
Luther Seminary
2 Corinthians
Brigitte Kahl
Professor of New Testament
Union Theological Seminary in the City of New York
Galatians
Sylvia C. Keesmaat
Adjunct Professor of Biblical Studies
Trinity College in the University of Toronto
Colossians
Deborah Krause
Academic Dean and Professor of New Testament
Eden Theological Seminary
1, 2 Timothy
Titus
Kwok Pui-lan
William F. Cole Professor of Christian Theology and Spirituality
Episcopal Divinity School
Reading the Christian New Testament in the Contemporary World
Raquel S. Lettsome
Itinerant Elder
African Methodist Episcopal Church
Mark
Laura S. Nasrallah
Professor of New Testament and Early Christianity
Harvard Divinity School
1 Corinthians
Pheme Perkins
Professor of Theology (New Testament)
Boston College
2 Peter
Jude
Raymond Pickett
Professor of New Testament
Lutheran School of Theology at Chicago
Jesus and the Christian Gospels
Edward Pillar
Minister of Evesham Baptist Church
Evesham, UK
1, 2 Thessalonians
Adele Reinhartz
Professor of Classics and Religious Studies
University of Ottawa
John
Barbara R. Rossing
Professor of New Testament
Lutheran School of Theology at Chicago
Revelation
Demetrius K. Williams
Associate Professor of Comparative Literature and Associate Professor of Religious Studies
University of Wisconsin Milwaukee
Acts as a History of the Early Church
Lawrence M. Wills
Ethelbert Talbot Professor of Biblical Studies
Episcopal Divinity School
Negotiating the Jewish Heritage of Early Christianity
General
AT | Alpha Text (of the Greek text of Esther) |
BOI | Book of Isaiah |
Chr | Chronicler |
DH | Deuteronomistic History |
DI | Deutero-Isaiah |
Dtr | Deuteronomist |
Gk. | Greek |
H | Holiness Code |
Heb. | Hebrew |
JPS | Jewish Publication Society |
LXX | The Septuagint |
LXX B | Vaticanus Text of the Septuagint |
MP | Mode of production |
MT | Masoretic Text |
NIV | New International Version |
NRSV | New Revised Standard Version |
OAN | Oracles against Nations (in Jeremiah) |
P. | papyrus/papyri |
P | Priestly source |
PE |