Bock Darrell L. - The Holman apologetics commentary on the Bible: the Gospels and Acts

The Holman Apologetics Commentary on the Bible: The Gospels and Acts

Copyright 2013 B & H Publishing Group

All rights reserved.

ISBN 978-0-8054-9530-0

Dewey Decimal Classification: 225.7

Subject Heading: APOLOGETICS \ BIBLE. N.T. ACTSCOMMENTARIES \

BIBLE. N.T. GOSPELSCOMMENTARIES

Printed in the United States of America

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SB

Unless otherwise stated all Scripture citations are from the Holman Christian Standard Bible Copyright 1999, 2000, 2002, 2003, 2009 by Holman Bible Publishers. Used by permission.

Scripture quotations marked ESV are from The Holy Bible, English Standard Version, copyright 2001 by Crossway Bibles, a division of Good News Publishers. Used by permission. All rights reserved.

Scripture citations marked NASB are from the New American Standard Bible. The Lockman Foundation, 1960, 1962, 1968, 1971, 1973, 1975, 1977, 1995. Used by permission.

Scripture citations marked NETS are from A New English Translation of the Septuagint, edited by Albert Pietersma and Benjamin Wright, copyright 2009 by Oxford University Press.

Scripture citations marked NIV are from the HOLY BIBLE, NEW INTERNATIONAL VERSION. Copyright 1973, 1978, 1984 by International Bible Society. Used by permission of Zondervan Publishing House. All Rights Reserved.

Scripture citations marked NKJV are from The New King James Version, copyright 1979, 1980, 1982, Thomas Nelson, Inc., Publishers.

Scripture quotations marked NLT are taken from the Holy Bible, New Living Translation, copyright 1996. Used by permission of Tyndale House Publishers, Inc., Wheaton, Illinois 60189. All rights reserved.

Scripture quotations marked NRSV are taken from the New Revised Standard Version Bible, copyright 1989, Division of Christian Education of the National Council of the Churches of Christ in the United States of America. Used by permission. All rights reserverd.

Scripture quotations from The Message are copyright 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 2000, 2001, 2002. Used by permission of NavPress Publishing Group.

This project is dedicated to Bible readers who find themselves drawn to the difficult subjects, and who take hard questions and critical viewpoints seriously enough to engage them with honesty and integrity in a bid to offer faith-affirming answers. As Jesus said, You will know the truth, and the truth will set you free (John 8:32).

Acknowledgments

Darrell Bock thanks the staff at B&H Publishing, especially Jeremy Howard for his careful work on this Bible commentary.

Craig Evans would like to thank the staff editors at B&H, including Jeremy Howard for his work on this project.

Jeremy Howard would like to thank Ray Clendenen for his sage advice and editorial assistance on this project. David Stabnow also provided key assistance. Finally, thanks to my wife, Simone , and my children, Isaac, Josie, Silas , and Peter , for tolerating the extra hours of work this project required.

Andreas Kstenberger wishes to thank Josh Chatraw for his capable research assistance in preparing the manuscript on Johns Gospel. Josh has a keen apologetic mind that will serve him well as he defends and enunciates the gospel in his future teaching and writing career.

Michael Wilkins wishes to acknowledge the faithful and diligent work of three research assistants who either worked directly with me on the Matthew commentary or on other projects to free me up: Jeanette Hagen, Hayoung Kim , and Andrew Yee . And special thanks to Jeremy Howard of B&H for his creative insights in conceiving the project and his masterful editorial work.

Abbreviations

ABAnchor Bible

ABD Anchor Bible Dictionary . Edited by David Noel Freedman. 6 vols. New York: Doubleday, 1998.

ABRLAnchor Bible Reference Library

ACCSAncient Commentary on the New Testament

ACNTAugsburg Commentary on the New Testament

AGJUArbeiten zur Geschichte des antiken Judentums und des Urchristentums

AJSR Association for Jewish Studies Review

AnBibAnalecta Biblica

ANTCAbingdon New Testament Commentaries

BAA Griechisch-Deutsches Wrterbuch zu den Schriften des Neuen Testaments und der frhchristlichen Literatur , by W. Bauer, K. Aland, and B. Aland. 6th ed. Berlin: de Gruyter, 1988.

BAGD A Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature , by W. Bauer, W. F. Arndt, F. W. Gingrich, and F. W. Danker. 2nd ed. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1979.

BAR Biblical Archaeology Review

BBR Bulletin for Biblical Research

BDAG Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature , by W. Bauer, F. W. Danker, W. F. Arndt, and F. W. Gingrich. 3rd ed. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2000.

BDF A Greek Grammar of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature . F. Blass, A. Debrunner, and R. W. Funk. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1961.

BDR Grammatik des newtestamentlichen Griechisch . F. Blass, A. Debrunner, and F. Rehkopf. Gttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1984.

BECNTBaker Exegetical Commentary on the New Testament

BETLBibliotheca ephemeridum theologicarum lovaniensium

Bib Biblica

BNTCBlacks New Testament Commentaries

BRev Bible Review

BSac Bibliotheca Sacra

BTB Biblical Theology Bulletin

BurH Buried History

ByzByzantine (manuscripts)

BZ Biblische Zeitschrift

BZNWBeiheft zur Zeitschrift fr die neutestamentliche Wissenschaft und die Kunde der lteren Kirche

c.circa

CBQ Catholic Biblical Quarterly

CCContinental Commentaries

CDCairo Genizah copy of the Damascus Document

CIG Corpus inscriptionum graecarum . Edited by A. Boeckh. Berlin: Georg Reimer, 182877.

CIL Corpus inscriptionum latinarum

CGCTCambridge Greek Testament Commentary

CGTSCCambridge Greek Testament for Schools and Colleges

ConBNTConiectanea neotestamentica or Coniectanea biblica: New Testament Series

DBI Dictionary of Biblical Interpretation . Edited by J. Hayes. Nashville: Abingdon, 1998.

Did Didaskalia

DJBP Dictionary of Judaism in the Biblical Period . Edited by J. Neusner and W. S. Green. Peabody, MA: Hendrickson, 1999.

DJG Dictionary of Jesus and the Gospels . Edited by J. B. Green, S. McKnight, and I. H. Marshall. Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity, 1992.

DLNT Dictionary of the Later New Testament and Its Developments . Edited by R. P. Martin and P. H. Davids. Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity, 2012.

EBCThe Expositor's Bible Commentary

EDBT Evangelical Dictionary of Biblical Theology . Edited by W. A. Elwell. Grand Rapids: Baker, 1996.

EDNT Exegetical Dictionary of the New Testament . H. Balz and G. Schneider. 3 vols. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 197880.

EJR Encyclopedia of Jewish Religion . Edited by R. J. Zwi Werblowsky and Geoffrey Wigoder. New York: Adama, 1996.

EKKNTEvangelisch-katholischer Kommentar zum Neuen Testament

EstBib Estudios Bblicos

ESVEnglish Standard Version

EvQ Evangelical Quarterly

ExpTim Expository Times

GkGreek

GNS Good News Studies

HbHebrew

HNTHandbuch zum Neuen Testament

HTKNTHerders theologischer Kommentar zum Neuen Testament

IBD Illustrated Bible Dictionary . Edited by J. D. Douglas. Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity, 1980.

ICCInternational Critical Commentary

IEJ Israel Exploration Journal

IG Inscriptiones graecae . Editio minor. Berlin, 1924.

ILS Inscriptiones Latinae Selectae . Edited by Hermann Dessau. Berolini: apud Weidmannos, 1906.

ISBEInternational Standard Bible Encyclopedia

JBL Journal of Biblical Literature