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Hawting Gerald R. - The first dynasty of Islam: the Umayyad caliphate AD 661-750

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Hawting Gerald R. The first dynasty of Islam: the Umayyad caliphate AD 661-750
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The First Dynasty of Islam The period 661750 AD was a crucial one for the - photo 1
The First Dynasty of Islam

The period 661750 AD was a crucial one for the history of Islam and the Middle East. The territories conquered by the Muslims in the Middle East, north Africa and Spain were ruled from Syria by a succession of caliphs belonging to the Umayyad family, the first caliphal dynasty to emerge in the history of Islam. Under their rule the region began a process of transformation which eventually led to the emergence of Islam, both as a religion and as a culture, in its classical form.

The First Dynasty of Islam provides a succinct and accessible introduction to the Umayyad period. An introductory chapter discusses the importance of the era as a whole, with further chapters examining

  • the Umayyad family and its rise to the Caliphate
  • the Sufyanids
  • the second civil war
  • ?bd al-Malik and al-Hajjaj
  • the development of factionalism and the problems of Islamisation
  • the third civil war and the caliphate of Marwan II
  • the overthrow of the Umayyad caliphate

The first edition established itself as a balanced and approachable text for undergraduates and others interested in the early history of Islam. This second edition, with an expanded and up-to-date bibliography, will prove even more useful to its intended readership.

G.R.Hawting is Senior Lecturer in the History of the Near and Middle East at the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London.

The First Dynasty
of Islam

The Umayyad Caliphate AD 661750

Second edition


G.R.Hawting

First published 1986 by Croom Helm Ltd Second edition published 2000 by - photo 2

First published 1986
by Croom Helm Ltd

Second edition published 2000
by Routledge
11 New Fetter Lane, London EC4P 4EE

Simultaneously published in the USA and Canada
by Routledge
29 West 35th Street, New York, NY 10001

Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group

This edition published in the Taylor & Francis e-Library, 2002.

1986, 2000 G.R.Hawting

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers.

British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library

Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
A catalog record for this book has been requested

ISBN 0-415-24073-5 (Pbk)
ISBN 0-415-24072-7 (Hbk)
ISBN 0-203-13700-0 Master e-book ISBN
ISBN 0-203-17692-8 (Glassbook Format)

Conventions
DatesUnless there is a particular reason for providingthe Islamic, hijri date, all dates are AD.
ReferencesIn the notes to the text, given at the end of eachchapter, references are usually to the name ofthe author or editor and a short form of the titleof the work. Full titles, together with date andplace of publication, are provided in thebibliography. See the list of abbreviations forthe titles of journals, etc.
TransliterationA full scholarly transliteration is not provided in the text but the bibliography and index are translit-erated. The bibliography reproduces the various methods of transliteration used by the authors cited. My transliteration follows the system of the Encyclopaedia of Islam, with the few modifications customary in works in English. On the whole, readers without any Arabic will safely ignore the transliteration symbols, but may wish to note the following: = the Arabic letter ayn, a guttural sound produced by constricting the larynx; = the hamza, a glottal stop like the tt in the Cockney pronunciation of butter; vowels are short unless they have a macron () over them; ibn (abbreviated to b. in the middle of a name) = son of; B. (abbreviation of Banu) = descendants of, family of, clan of, tribe of, as appropriate.
Abbreviations
AIEOr.Annales de lInstitut des tudes Orientales
AIUONAnnali, Istituto Universitario Orientate di Napoli
AJSLAmerican Journal for Semitic Languages and Literatures
BSOASBulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies
BZByzantinische Zeitschrift
CMedHCambridge Mediaeval History
EI1Encyclopaedia of Islam, 1st edition
EI2Encyclopaedia of Islam, 2nd edition
GSI.Goldziher, Gesammelte Schriften
ICIslamic Culture
IJMESInternational Journal of Middle East Studies
IOSIsrael Oriental Studies
IQIslamic Quarterly
Isl.Der Islam
JAJournal Asiatique
JAOSJournal of the American Oriental Society
JESHOJournal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient
JRASJournal of the Royal Asiatic Society
JSAIJerusalem Studies in Arabic and Islam
JSSJournal of Semitic Studies
MWMuslim World
PPHSProceedings of the Pakistan Historical Society
Rend. Linc.Rend. Linc. Rendiconti dell Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei, Classe di scienze morali, storiche e filologiche
RHRevue Historique
RHRRevue de lHistoire des Religions
RORocznik orientalistyczny
RSORivista degli studi orientali
SIStudia Islamica
WIDie Welt des Islams
ZAZeitschrift fr Assyriologie
ZDMGZeitschrift der deutschen morgenlndischen Gesellschaft
amircommander; an army leader and/or governor ofa province
amir al-mumininCommander of the Believers; a title of the caliph
ashrafleading members of the leading families amongthe Arab tribesmen
baridthe system of communications between theprovinces and the caliphal court
bayathe pledge of allegiance given to a caliph, heirapparent, or contender for power
dar al-islamthe regions under Muslim government in contrastto the dar al-harb (house of war)
dawacall, propaganda; the movement whichprepared the way for the Abbasid takeover of thecaliphate
dinarthe gold coin
dirhamthe silver coin
diwanthe register of individuals entitled to pay orpension from the government; a governmentdepartment
filsthe copper coin
fiqhthe theory of Islamic law (not the law itself, thesharia)
fitnaconflict within the Muslim community, especiallythat between Ali and Muawiya
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