ST. JOHNS GOSPEL
A Bible Study Guide and Commentary
STEPHEN K. RAY
ST. JOHNS GOSPEL
A Bible Study Guide and Commentary
IGNATIUS PRESS SAN FRANCISCO
Nihil Obstat: The Reverend Monsignor Sylvester L. Fedewa
Westphalia, Michigan
Imprimatur: + Carl F. Mengeling
Bishop of Lansing
The nihil obstat and imprimatur are official declarations that a book or pamphlet is free of doctrinal or moral error. No implication is contained therein that those who have granted the nihil obstat or imprimatur agree with the contents, opinions, or statements expressed.
Cover art by Carl Bloch
The Samaritan Woman with Jesus by the Well
Det National Historiske Museum
Hilleroed, Denmark
Hope Gallery, Provo, Utah
Cover design by Riz Boncan Marsella
2002 Ignatius Press, San Francisco
All rights reserved
ISBN 978-0-89870-821-9
Library of Congress Control Number 2001095552
DEDICATION
To my wife, Janet,
who is my constant companion and best friend
in the study and teaching of the Bible
in our home and in the
Catholic Church
and
To Charles and Frances Raymy dad and mom
who taught me to love, study, and obey
the Sacred Scriptures
(2 Timothy 3:14-17)
To Ricardo Cardinal Vidal,
my friend and Archbishop of Cebu, the Philippines,
for his hospitality and for reading
and approving the manuscript for this book
To my friend Mark Brumley, whose countless hours
of tireless reading and editing helped
make this book a reality
Ignorance of Scripture is ignorance of Christ .
ST. JEROME
Now Jesus did many other signs in the presence of the disciples, which are not written in this book; but these are written that you may believe that Jesus is the Christ, the Son of God, and that believing you may have life, in his name .
JOHN 20:30-31
CONTENTS
Simple Guidelines for Studying the Bible
Which Translation to Use ?
How to Use This Study Guide
Who Wrote the Gospel of St. John ?
The Apostle John
Johns Audience and Purpose in Writing
The Overture: The Word Becomes Flesh
JOHN 1:1-2 In the Beginning Was the Word
JOHN 1:3-5 All Things Came into Being through Him
JOHN 1:6-13 True Light and Children of God
JOHN 1:14-18 The IncarnationThe Word Became Flesh
John the Baptist; Choosing the Disciples
JOHN 1:19-34 Testimony of John the Baptist
JOHN 1:35-51 Jesus Chooses Disciples
Jesus, Mary, and the Wedding in CanaCleansing the Temple in Jerusalem
JOHN 2:1-19 The Wedding in Cana: Mary and Jesus
JOHN 2:6-11 The Wedding in Cana: Water into Wine, Old Transformed into the New
JOHN 2:12-21 The Temple in Jerusalem, the Resurrection Proclaimed
JOHN 2:22-25 Belief and the Heart of Man
You Must Be Born AnewFor God So Loved the World
JOHN 3:1-21 Jesus and Nicodemus
JOHN 3:22-36 John the Baptizer
The Samaritan Woman, the Gentile Official: Conversion and Faith
JOHN 4:1-42 The Samaritan Woman Is Offered Living Water
JOHN 4:43-54 Jesus Second Sign; He Heals a Gentiles Son
Infirm Man Healed at the Pools of BethesdaJesus Calls Four Witnesses
JOHN 5:1-9 Healing at the Pool on the Sabbath
JOHN 5:10-15 The Jews React to the Sabbath Violation
JOHN 5:19-47 Jesus Defends and Explains His Equality with God
Miraculous Bread to Feed the PeopleJesus Walks on the Water
JOHN 6:1-15 Multiplication of Loaves, the Eucharist Foreshadowed
JOHN 6:16-21 Jesus Walks on the Water: The Fifth Sign
Unless You Eat My Flesh and Drink My BloodThe Eucharist
JOHN 6:22-59 Jesus, the Bread of Life
JOHN 6:60-70 Many Disciples Abandon the Words of Eternal Life
Jewish Feast of BoothsTwo Debates: Who Is Jesus? Rivers of Living Water
JOHN 7:1-13 Jesus Goes Up to Jerusalem for the Feast of Booths
JOHN 7:14-24 Jesus Teaches at the Feast
JOHN 7:25-44 Is Jesus the Christ ?
JOHN 7:45-53 Unbelief of Jewish Leaders
The Adulterous Woman; More Debates: Who Is Christ? True I am
JOHN 8:1-13 The Woman Caught in Adultery
JOHN 8:12-30 Jesus Is the Light of the World
JOHN 8:31-59 The Truth Will Make You Free
The Blind Man SeesThe Seeing Men Are Blind; More Debates: Who Is Jesus?
JOHN 9:1-12 Jesus Heals the Blind Beggar
JOHN 9:13-34 Dispute over the Healed Man
JOHN 9:34-41 Jesus Reaffirms His Deity
The Good Shepherd Makes Himself Out to Be God! Who Is Jesus?
JOHN 10:1-21 The Bad Shepherds Oppose the Good Shepherd
JOHN 10:22-42 The Feast of Dedication: Are You the Messiah? Are You God ?
Lazarus Raised from the Dead: I Am the Resurrection and the Life
JOHN 11:1-16 The Setting for the Seventh Sign
JOHN 11:17-33 Jesus Goes to Bethany
JOHN 11:34-44 Jesus Raises Lazarus
JOHN 11:45-57 The Sanhedrin Condemns Jesus
Anointing Jesusthe Triumphal Entry into Jerusalem
JOHN 12:1-11 Jesus Anointed at Bethany
JOHN 12:12-19 Triumphal Entry into Jerusalem
JOHN 12:20-36 Greeks Seek Jesus; His Death Foretold
JOHN 12:37-50 The Disbelief of the Jews
The Humble, Compassionate King; The Foolish, Treacherous Servant
JOHN 13:1-17 Maundy Thursday: Jesus Washes Feet
JOHN 13:18-38 The Betrayal and Glory
The Way to HeavenThe Gift of the Holy Spirit
JOHN 14:1-14 Heaven and the Way to Get There
JOHN 14:15-31 Jesus Promises the Holy Spirit
The Vine and BranchesIn the World, but Not of the World
JOHN 15:1-17 Abide Fruitfully in Christ or Burn
JOHN 15:18-27 In the World, but Not of the World
Jesus Prepares to Leave and Return; The Action of the Holy Spirit
JOHN 16:1-6 Christians and Persecution
JOHN 16:7-15 The Action of the Holy Spirit
JOHN 16:16-24 Jesus Crucifixion and Resurrection Foretold
JOHN 16:25-33 Jesus Last Consolations
Our High Priest PraysThe Visible Unity of the Church
JOHN 17:1-5 Jesus Prays for Himself
JOHN 17:6-19 Jesus Prays for His Disciples
JOHN 17:20-26 Jesus Prays for the ChurchThose Believing the Apostles Word
The Betrayal, Arrest, and Trials of JesusKing of the Jews?
JOHN 18:1-11 Jesus Is Betrayed and Arrested
JOHN 18:12-23 Trial before Annas
JOHN 18:24-27 Trial before Caiaphas
JOHN 18:28-40 Trial before Pilate
Jesus CondemnedThe Pain of the Crucifixion
JOHN 19:1-16 Jesus Abused before Pilate
JOHN 19:17-24 The Crucifixion Begins
The Crucifixion and Burial of JesusThe Birth of the Church
JOHN 19:25-27 Mary and John at the Cross
JOHN 19:28-37 Jesus Dies on the Cross
JOHN 19:38-42 The Burial of Jesus
Death Could Not Hold HimMy Lord and My God
JOHN 20:1-10 The Empty Tomb
JOHN 20:11-18 Jesus Appears to Mary Magdalene
JOHN 20:19-31 Jesus Appears to the Disciples
JOHN 20:24-31 Jesus and Doubting Thomas
The Grand Finale: Jesus Meets the ApostlesThe Pope and the Church
APPENDIX St. Johns Grand Finale!
JOHN 21:1-14 Jesus Appears in Galilee
JOHN 20:15-17 Peter Appointed as Shepherd
JOHN 20:18-23 The Future of Peter and John
ABBREVIATIONS
ANF The Ante-Nicene Fathers . Edited by Alexander Roberts and James Donaldson. 10 vols. Grand Rapids, Mich.: Wm. B. Eerdmans, 1985.
CCC Catechism of the Catholic Church . 2d ed. Vatican City: Libreria Editrice Vaticana, 2000.
JB Jerusalem Bible.
Knox Ronald A. Knox, trans. The New Testament of Our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ . New York: Sheed & Ward, 1954.
KJV King James Version of the Bible.
NASB New American Standard Bible.
NIV New International Version of the Bible.
NPNF1 Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers . 1st series. Edited by Philip Schaff. 14 vols. Grand Rapids, Mich.: Wm. B. Eerdmans, 1980.
NPNF2 Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers . 2d series. Edited by Philip Schaff and Henry Wace. 14 vols. Grand Rapids, Mich.: Wm, B. Eerdmans, 1982.
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