Paul, Politics, and
New Creation
Paul, Politics, and
New Creation
Reconsidering Paul and Empire
Najeeb T. Haddad
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For my mother.
In memory of my brother, father, and uncle.
.
Contents
This study is a revised and edited form of my doctoral dissertation completed at Loyola University Chicago in the spring of 2018 under the direction of Thomas H. Tobin, SJ. I owe special thanks to him not only for his mentorship but also for his friendship. Tom and I share a similar history, primarily because we were both raised in Chicagos Southside. Though he is a fan of the Chicago White Sox, I never held it against him. This project was also informed by my readers Edmondo F. Lupieri and Christopher W. Skinner. Their criticisms and responses helped make my work and experience at Loyola Chicago a golden time in my life. I also thank Chris for our continued collegial relationship. I would be remiss if I did not acknowledge Wendy Cotter CSJ and Robert Di Vito who have positively influenced my studies while at Loyola Chicago. An especial word of thanks to my undergraduate mentor, now colleague and friend Troy W. Martin. He helped cultivate my love for biblical scholarship and continues to read my work and counsel me in more ways than one. Troy is very dear to my heart.
I completed the revisions to this monograph as assistant professor of religious studies at Notre Dame of Maryland University. My colleagues in the Department of Religious Studies as well as the university have welcomed me with open arms, making my transition to NDMU and Baltimore Maryland a joyful experience.
During dissertation writing and defense, my family experienced great grief. My brother Walid tragically lost his life in a motor vehicle accident in April 2015, and my father Turki-Munier fell asleep in the Lord after a long battle with cancer in January of 2016. My beloved uncle Raymond, a second father to me, reposed in February 2018. Their memory is my continued inspiration. My mother is one of the strongest women I know, and her love and dedication to her family are evident to all who know her. She is a model of intelligence and integrity. This monograph is dedicated to her and to the memory of my loved ones.
SBL abbreviations apply throughout, supplemented by the IATG3. The following abbreviations are also used in this study.
Epigraphical, Numismatic, and Papyrological Abbreviations
AGWR | Ascough, Richard S., Philip A. Harland, and John S. Kloppenborg, Associations in the Greco-Roman World: A Sourcebook . Berlin/Waco: de Gruyter/Baylor University Press, 2012. |
AAM | Herbert Musurillo ed., The Acts of the Pagan Martyrs : Acta Alexandrinorum . New York: Arno Press, 1979. |
CIL | Corpus inscriptionum latinarum , Consilio et Auctoritate Academiae Litterarum Regiae Borussicae editum. Berlin: Georg Reimer, 18631974. |
CPJ | Corpus Papyrorum Judaicarum. Edited by Victor A. Tcherikover and Alexander Fuks. 3 vols. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 195764. |
GRA | Kloppenborg, John S., Philip Harland, and Richard Ascough. Greco-Roman Associations Texts, Translations, and Commentary . BZNW 181. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, 2011. Vol.1. Attica, Central Greece, Macedona, Thrace (2011). |
IBosp | Struve, V. V., ed. Corpus inscriptionum Regni Bosporani (CIRB): Korpus bosporskikh nadpisei. Moskva and Leningrad: Nauka, 1965. |
Ieph | Engelmann, H., H. Wankel, and R. Merkelbach. Die Inschriften von Ephesos. IGSK 11-17. Bonn: Rudolf Habelt, 197984. |
IG II | Kirchner, Johannes, ed. Inscriptiones Atticae Euclidis anno anteriores . 4 vols. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, 191340. |
IG V/1 | Kolbe, W., ed. Inscriptiones Laconiae et Messeniae , part 1. Berlin: Georg Reimer, 1913. |
IG V/2 | Von Gaertringen, F. Hiller. Inscriptiones Graecae V. Inscriptiones Laconiae, Messeniae, Arcadiae, fasc. 2. Berlin: Inscriptiones Arcadiae, 1913. |
IGLAM | Le Bas, Philippe, and William Henry Waddington. Voyage archologique en Grce et en Asie Mineure, Tome III: Inscriptions grecques et latines recueillies en Asie Mineure . Paris: Chez Firmin Didot Frres, 1870. |
IGLSkythia II | Pippidi, D.M. Inscriptiones Scythiae Minoris graecae et latinae: Volumen primum. Inscriptiones Histriae et Viciniae . Inscriptiones Daciae et Scythiae Minoris Antiquae. Bucharest: Academiei Scientiarum Socialum et Politicarum Dacoromana, 1983. |
IGRR | Cagnat, R.L., J.F. Toutain, V. Henry, and G.L. Lafaye, eds. Inscriptiones graecae ad res romanas pertinentes . 4 vols. Paris: E. Leroux, 191127. Vol 1: (nos. 11518) ed. R.L. Cagnat, J.F. Toutain, and P. Jouguet (1911); Vol 2: never published; Vol 3: R. Cagnat and G. Lafaye (1906); Vol. 4: Asia (nos. 11764) ed. G. L. Lafaye (1927). |
IGUR | Moretti, L. Inscriptiones graecae urbis romae . 4 vols. Studi Pubblicati dallIstituto Italiano per la Storia Antica 17, 22, 28, 47. Rome: Istututo Italiano per la Storia Antica, 1968. |
IKosPH | Hicks, E. L., and W. R. Paton. The Inscriptions of Cos . Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1891. |
ILS | Dessau, Hermann. Inscriptiones latinae selectae . 3 vols. Berlin: Weidmann, 18921916. Repr. Dublin: Weidmann, 1974; repr. Chicago: Ares, 1979. |
ISardBR | Buckler, W.H. and D.M. Robinson, eds. Sardis . VII, 1: Greek and Latin Inscriptions . Leiden: E.J. Brill, 1932. |
Ismyrna | Petzl, Georg, ed. Die Inschriften von Smyrna . IGSK 23-24/1-2. Bonn: Rudolf Habelt, 198290. Vol. 1 (1982); Vol. 2.1 (1987); Vol 2.2 (1990). |
NewDocs V1-5 | Horsley, G. H. R. New Documents Illustrating Early Christianity . North Ryde, Australia: Ancient History Documentary Research Centre, Macquarie University, 198189. |
PH | Paton, W.R. and E.L. Hicks. The Inscriptions of Cos . Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1891. |
PMich | Boak, A.E.R. Papyri from Tebtunis (Michigan Papyri II and V), 2 vols. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 193344. |