TYNDALE NEW TESTAMENT
COMMENTARIES
VOLUME 8
2 CORINTHIANS
This revised and expanded edition is dedicated to students of Ridley College and the Melbourne School of Theology who studied 2 Corinthians with me over the years.
TYNDALE NEW TESTAMENT
COMMENTARIES
VOLUME 8
SERIES EDITOR: ECKHARD J. SCHNABEL
CONSULTING EDITOR: NICHOLAS PERRIN
2 CORINTHIANS
AN INTRODUCTION AND COMMENTARY
COLIN G. KRUSE
Contents
General preface
The Tyndale Commentaries have been a flagship series for evangelical readers of the Bible for over sixty years. The original New Testament volumes (19561974) as well as the new commentaries (19832003) rightly established themselves as a point of first reference for those who wanted more than is usually offered in a one-volume Bible commentary, without requiring the technical skills in Greek and in Jewish and Greco-Roman studies of the more detailed series, and with the advantage of being shorter than the volumes of intermediate commentary series. The appearance of new popular commentary series demonstrates that there is a continuing demand for commentaries that appeal to Bible study leaders in churches and at universities. The publisher, editors and authors of the Tyndale Commentaries believe that the series continues to meet an important need in the Christian community, not least in what we call today the Global South, with its immense growth of churches and the corresponding need for a thorough understanding of the Bible by Christian believers.
In the light of new knowledge, new critical questions, new revisions of Bible translations, and the need to provide specific guidance on the literary context and the theological emphases of the individual passage, it was time to publish new commentaries in the series. Four authors will revise their commentary that appeared in the second series. The original aim remains. The new commentaries are neither too short nor unduly long. They are exegetical and thus root the interpretation of the text in its historical context. They do not aim to solve all critical questions, but they are written with an awareness of major scholarly debates which may be treated in the Introduction, in Additional notes or in the commentary itself. While not specifically homiletic in aim, they want to help readers to understand the passage under consideration in such a way that they begin to see points of relevance and application, even though the commentary does not explicitly offer these. The authors base their exegesis on the Greek text, but they write for readers who do not know Greek; Hebrew and Greek terms that are discussed are transliterated. The English translation used for the first series was the Authorized (King James) Version, while the volumes of the second series mostly used the Revised Standard Version; the volumes of the third series use either the New International Version (2011) or the New Revised Standard Version as primary versions, unless otherwise indicated by the author. An immense debt of gratitude for the first and second series of the Tyndale Commentaries was owed to R. V. G. Tasker and L. Morris, who each wrote four of the commentaries themselves. The recruitment of new authors for the third series proved to be effortless, as colleagues responded enthusiastically to be involved in this project, a testimony both to the larger number of New Testament scholars capable and willing to write commentaries, to the wider ethnic identity of contributors, and to the role that the Tyndale Commentaries have played in the church worldwide. It continues to be the hope of all those concerned with this series that God will graciously use the new commentaries to help readers understand as fully and clearly as possible the meaning of the New Testament.
Eckhard J. Schnabel, Series Editor
Nicholas Perrin, Consulting Editor
Authors preface
I want to express my thanks to Inter-Varsity Press and to Professor Eckhard Schnabel, the Series Editor of the Tyndale New Testament Commentaries, for their invitation to upgrade my commentary on 2 Corinthians, first published in 1987. This provides an opportunity to thoroughly revise, expand and update it in the light of more recent studies, and so enhance its value for present-day readers. The new commentary is based on the latest edition of the widely used New International Version (2011). It is my hope and prayer that this new edition will also assist readers to understand better Pauls Second Letter to the Corinthians so as to appreciate the incredible grace of the God whom he served.
Colin G. Kruse
Chief abbreviations
AB | Anchor Bible |
ABD | The Anchor Bible Dictionary, ed. D. N. Freedman, 6 vols. (New York: Doubleday, 1992) |
ABR | Australian Biblical Review |
ANF | The Ante-Nicene Fathers, ed. Philip Schaff |
BBR | Bulletin for Biblical Research |
BDAG | A Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, ed. W. Bauer, F. W. Danker, W. F. Arndt and F. W. Gingrich, 3rd edn (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2000) |
BibInt | Biblical Interpretation |
BR | Biblical Research |
BSac | Bibliotheca Sacra |
CBQ | Catholic Biblical Quarterly |
DPL | Dictionary of Paul and His Letters, ed. G. F. Hawthorne, R. P. Martin and D. G. Reid (Downers Grove: InterVarsity Press; Leicester: Inter-Varsity Press, 1993) |
DSS | Dead Sea Scrolls |
EKK | Evangelisch-Katholischer Kommentar zum Neuen Testament |
EQ | Evangelical Quarterly |
ET | English translation. |
Hag. | Hagiga |
HNT | Handbuch zum Neuen Testament |
HTR | Harvard Theological Review |
ICC | International Critical Commentary |
Int | Interpretation |
JBL | Journal of Biblical Literature |
JETS | Journal of the Evangelical Theological Society |
JSNT | Journal for the Study of the New Testament |
KEK | Kritisch-exegetischer Kommentar ber das Neue Testament |
LSJ | A Greek-English Lexicon, ed. H. G. Liddell, R. Scott and H. S. Jones, 9th edn, with rev. supplement by P. G. W. Glare (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1996) |
LXX | Septuagint (pre-Christian Greek version of the Old Testament) |
mg. | Margin |
MM |
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