John OKane - The Concept of Sainthood in Early Islamic Mysticism: Two Works by Al-Hakim al-Tirmidhi - An Annotated Translation with Introduction

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THE CONCEPT OF SAINTHOOD IN EARLY ISLAMIC MYSTICISM

CURZON SUFI SERIES

Series Editor: Ian Richard Netton

Professor of Arabic Studies,
University of Leeds

The Curzon Sufi Series attempts to provide short introductions to a variety of facets of the subject, which are accessible both to the general reader and the student and scholar in the field. Each book will be either a synthesis of existing knowledge or a distinct contribution to, and extension of, knowledge of the particular topic. The two major underlying principles of the Series are sound scholarship and readability.

BEYOND FAITH AND INFIDELITY

The Sufi Poetry and Teachings of Mahmud Shabistari

Leonard Lewisohn

AL-HALLAJ

Herbert W. Mason

RUZBIHAN BAQLI

Mysticism and the Rhetoric of Sainthood in Persian Sufism

Carl W. Ernst

ABDULLAH ANSARI OF HERAT

An Early Sufi Master

A.G. Ravan Farhadi

PERSIAN SUFI POETRY

An Introduction to the Mystical Use of Classical Persian Poetry

J.T.P. de Bruijn

THE CONCEPT OF SAINTHOOD IN EARLY ISLAMIC MYSTICISM

Two works by
Al-akm Al-Tirmidh

An annotated translation with introduction by

Bernd Radtke and John OKane

First published in 1996
by RoutledgeCurzon
2 Park Square, Milton Park,
Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 4RN

Transferred to Digital Printing 2006

1996 Bernd Radtke and John OKane

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers.

British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library

Library of Congress in Publication Data
A catalog record for this book has been requested

ISBN 0700704523 (Hbk)
ISBN 0700704132 (Pbk)

The Concept of Sainthood in Early Islamic Mysticism is the result of what has proved to be an agreeable cooperation which began in the fall of 1992. Bernd Radtke has had an interest in al-akm al-Tirmidh for more than twenty-five years which received encouragement from his teacher of long standing and thesis adviser Professor Fritz Meier. His Ph.D. thesis, frequently cited in the pages that follow, was published in 1980 as vol. 58 in the series Islamkundliche Untersuchungen with the title Al-akm at-Tirmi. Ein islamischer Theosoph des 3./9. Jahrhunderts. Over the years he has also written numerous articles on diverse aspects of Tirmidh which are referred to throughout the commentary to the present translations. Having produced a new edition of the Srat al-awliy which was published in 1992 as one of the three texts in Drei Schriften des Theosophen von Tirmi, he is presently engaged in completing a companion volume to that work which will consist of a German translation of the Arabic text and a commentary.

John OKane has had a long interest in Sufi hagiographical texts. In 1992 he published a translation of the twelfth-century Persian hagiographical classic, the Asrr al-tawd by Ibn-i Munawwar, which portrays the life of the Sufi master Shaykh Ab Sad-i Ab l-Khayr. It appeared as vol. 38 in the Persian Heritage Series under the title The Secrets of Gods Mystical Oneness.

We would here like to take the opportunity to thank those who have given us help with difficulties we encountered in preparing the present work. Above all, we feel obliged to Professor Fritz Meier (Basel) who was extremely generous in taking the time to read earlier versions of the two principle translations that appear in this volume. We profited greatly from his numerous detailed criticisms and suggestions, and wish to express to him our warmest gratitude. Our thanks are also due to Professor Josef van Ess (Tbingen) who read through the whole work in its near-final stage and offered us useful comments on several difficult points. And finally, we must mention Dr. Reinhard Weipert (Mnchen) who gave us assistance in locating occasional sources that Tirmidh drew his materials from.

Perhaps it is not inappropriate to add one final observation. It may well strike the reader that the commentary accompanying the translated texts here presented rather frequently cites secondary sources written in German. Hopefully this will be seen as an indication of the high standard of scholarship that has been produced in the German language during recent decades and its importance for anyone presently working in the field of Sufism and the history of Islamic religious ideas. Scholars in the English-speaking world, not least those interested in Sufism, have perhaps not always shown a degree of familiarity with publications in German which those publications rightly deserve.

Utrecht Amsterdam

Bernd RadtkeJohn OKane

(List of abbreviated titles of the most frequently cited works written by akm Tirmidh or about him)

Akys al-akm al-Tirmidh, Kitb al-Akys wa-l-mughtarrn. Ms Ankara, Ismail Saib I, 1571, 69b-129b.

Amthl al-akm al-Tirmidh, Kitb al-Amthl min al-kitb wa-l-sunna. Ed. cAl Muammad al-Bijw. Cairo 1975.

Bad al-akm al-Tirmidh, Bad shan Ab Abd Allh Muammad al-akm al-Tirmidh. Ms Ismail Saib I, 1571, 209b-218a. See the facsimile edition in Tir. Mir. pp. 268276.

Daqiq al-akm al-Tirmidh, Kitb Daqiq al-ulm. Ms Ankara, Ismail Saib I, 1571, 24b-48a.

Der Mystiker Bernd Radtke, Der Mystiker al-akm at-Tirmii. Der Islam 57 (1980), pp. 237-245.

Einleitung I Bernd Radtke, Drei Schriften des Theosophen von Tirmi: Einleitung, pp. 1-78. Beirut-Stuttgart: 1992.

Farq al-akm al-Tirmidh, al-Farq bayna l-yt wa-l-karmt. Ms Ankara, Ismail Saib I, 1571, 152b-177b.

Forerunner Bernd Radtke, A Forerunner of Ibn al-Arab: akm Tirmidh on Sainthood. Journal of the Ibn Arab Society 8 (1989), pp. 4249.

Furuq al-akm al-Tirmidh, Kitb al-Furq. Ms Paris, Bibliothque Nationale 5018, 54b-100a.

Gesetz Bernd Radtke, Gesetz und Pfad in der frhen islamischen Mystik. Einige Bemerkungen. In U. Bianchi (Ed.) The Notion of Religion in Comparative Research: Selected Proceedings of the XVI IAHR Congress, pp. 517522. Rome: 1993.

Gtt. Ms Gttingen 256, p. 1-218 = al-akm al-Tirmidh, Kitb Ilm al-awliy.

T Bernd Radtke, Al-akm at-Tirm. Ein islamischer Theosoph des 3./9. Jahrhunderts. Freiburg: 1980.

Ibn ufayl Bernd Radtke, How can man reach the mystical union? Ibn ufayl and the divine spark. In L. Conrad (Ed.) The World of Ibn ufayl. Leiden 1995, pp. 165194.

Ilal al-akm al-Tirmidh, Ilal al-shara. Ms Istanbul, Velieddin 770, 34a-83b.

Ilm al-akm al-Tirmidh, Kitb Bayn al-ilm. Ms Ankara, Ismail Saib I, 1571, 10b-24b.

Ilm al-awliy see Gtt.

Iranian Bernd Radtke, Iranian and Gnostic Elements in Early Taawwuf. Observations concerning the Umm al-Kitb. In Gh. Gnoli and A. Panaino (Edd.) Proceedings of the First European Conference of Iranian Studies, pp. 519530. Rome: 1990.

Jawb al-akm al-Tirmidh, Jawb kitb min al-Rayy. In Bernd Radtke (Ed.)

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