Jack W. Hayford - The Charismatic Century: The Enduring Impact of the Azusa Street Revival

Copyright 2006 by Jack W. Hayford

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form or by any electronic or mechanical means, including information storage and retrieval systems, without permission in writing from the publisher, except by a reviewer who may quote brief passages in a review.

Unless otherwise noted, Scriptures are taken from the NEW KING JAMES VERSION. Copyright 1979, 1980, 1982, Thomas Nelson, Inc., Publishers.

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First eBook Edition: June 2009

ISBN: 978-0-446-56235-5

Dedicated to all who welcome Gods Holy Spirit into their hearts and lives as they reach toward and serve human loss, pain and need with the love and power of Jesus Christ.

C ommemorating the Azusa St. Revival centennial, this book tells the story of the modern Pentecostal and Charismatic Renewal. Our emphasis is on the United States but we are not ignoring the Renewals far broader expressions. Our aim is to explore the rich textures and fabric of the Pentecostalism made visible in its people and institutions. We write as two participants in the Renewal, both Classical Pentecostals. The story is told with a prophetic and interpretive eye seeking to understand why the movement has impacted so many.

There are no claims of objectivity here since we are both too immersed in the world of Renewal to suppose we could somehow make ourselves aloof observers. No, we care very deeply about what we write and cannot dismiss our conviction that God is at work renewing His church. Nevertheless, we seek to avoid idealism and pride and do our best not to gloss over controversies or excuse the problems and peculiarities of the Renewal, since there are many. There is no intention to sound like parochial partisans because we cherish the invaluable heritage found in varying Christian traditions and hope this work will foster mutual appreciation.

The story has been told well by many capable scholars. Why then another book on Pentecostalism? Our answer is that this book adds to the discussion through its unique blend of historical and theological sensitivity coupled with pastoral and prophetic passion. Also, we are writing to a general audience in hopes of expanding the vistas of readers, in and out of the Renewal, who have an interest in the rather remarkable story of modern Pentecostalism. Since we have the non-specialist in mind, whenever necessary we define terms. Generally, footnotes/endnotes are only used when making direct quotes.

The story that follows is told chronologically. At times the narrative takes turns or stops for pastoral and prophetic perspectives and interpretations. All and all it is a journey through the extraordinary charismatic century.

I t is a privilege to be trusted by any publisher of repute, and I dont know an author who does not feel indebted to those who are interested, gifted, and sensitive enough to put him or her in print. Accordingly, I am more than formally grateful for the phone call Rolf Zettersten made to me a year ago, inviting me to consider this project: I am fraternally grateful. His brotherly trust in my ability to deliver, especially when the patience of others would have been taxed by reason of my difficulties answering our deadline, occasions my deep gratitude. Gary Terashita, the editor who literally waltzed this project through to completion, is a new friend: thank you, Gary, for your wonderful assistance.

The primary person who made this book possible, however, is my respected friend David Moore. David is a longtime fellow pastorone who has answered the Holy Spirits call on his ministry to give the rest of his life teaching ministry keys to others.

David, who is presently completing his Ph.D. at Regent University (USA), is one of the most knowledgeable persons concerning the events covered in this book. His willingness to partner in this project is not only appreciated beyond words but, as I told Rolf Zettersten when he first contacted me, I can only pursue this if David Moore joins me in the task. So, to you and (his wife) Patty, David, I extend thanks from the depths of my heart. While you and I both join to give glory to God for anything of His blessing that is spread or compounded by reason of our joint effort, I here and now give the credit for its publication to you.

Finally, as with everything I do in any aspect of ministry Jesus privileges me to serve, I want to thank the team of co-laborers who serve as my immediate staff: Russ Davis and Bill Shumate, my executive assistants (at the Foursquare Churchs central offices and The Kings College and Seminary, respectively), and Lana Duim, whose immeasurable help as my personal assistant is among Annas and my greatest gifts.

And, of course, my Lady Annamy bride, wife, and mother of our wonderful kids, grandkids and now great-grandkids (!), has not only been my partner for over half of the past century, she is the first reader and trusted critic of every book with my name on it. I love you, Babe.

There is an extended tribute at the end of this booksomething of an acknowledgment as well, but actually far more. I trust you will find it, and all between here and there, enriching, enlightening, and spiritually igniting to your soul.

Jack Hayford

Los Angeles, California

November 2005

I was thrilled at the invitation of Jack Hayford to co-write this book. With it came the opportunity to share with a wider audience the remarkable stories contained in these pages. It truly has been a unique century as the Pentecostal and Charismatic movements have reshaped global Christianity. I was also humbled by Pastor Jacks invitation, for no one has more shaped life and my philosophy of pastoral ministry. There is no one I respect more deeply; what an honor to team with him in this endeavor. Together I believe we have forged a narrative that is both pastoral and prophetic while historically interesting.

My aim throughout has been to be as biographical as possible. I believe this is the best way to write popular history. All through Christian history God has chosen to extend His kingdom through ordinary folk who were willing to surrender their lives to His purposes. Despite the human condition with all its flaws and sins, this is how God gets His work done on the earth.

There are many people whose voices echo on these pages, none more than that of Dr. Vinson Synan, Dean of Regent Universitys School of Divinity, who has been a friend, advocate, and mentor of my scholarship. His master storytelling made history a living thing not a collection of obscure facts. He has lived a sizable piece of the history he tells! Thank you for being an example of a Godly man as well a great historian. I owe you a great debt.

My academic study has focused on the history of neo-Pentecostalism over the last five decades of the twentieth century. Consequently, I owe a great debt to several scholars whose research and writings were an invaluable resource for the chapters that predate WWII. I wish to express my gratitude to William Faupel, Edith Blumhofer, Cecil Robeck, Gary McGee, and Donald Dayton. They not only informed my writing tremendously but were an inspiration as well.

To a few others I extend personal thanks. Steven Land, Grant Wacker, David Edwin Harrell, and Frank Macchia have been models of superior scholarship and have inspired me to think more deeply. Special thanks to Ralph Iervolino, the best pastor I ever had, who taught me that pastoral work was about loving people. I want to thank Jim W. Adams, Guy Romito, and Jack Coldren for being true friends.