The Freedom Fighter
The ability of terrorist groups to inflict death and destruction has markedly increased with technological advances in the areas of communication, transportation, and weapon capability. Using these new tools and networks, terrorists now seek to inflict mass casualties worldwide. Given these realities, it is essential to research the factors that underlie a terrorist groups origins, grievances, and demands. Such insights might help others respond more effectively to insurgencies, especially when military campaigns to capture or kill every terrorist have proven unsuccessful.
The Freedom Fighter: A Terrorists Own Story explores why so many Kurdish peopleespecially young adultsjoin the Kurdistan Workers Party (PKK) and conduct terrorist acts. Inspired by the ground-breaking classic, The Jack-Roller: A Delinquent Boys Own Story, by Clifford R. Shaw, the author explores the issue of radicalization into terrorist organizations through the life-history method, enabling a PKK terroristor freedom fighterto tell his story. Over a five-month period, the author interviewed Deniz, a high-level PKK terrorist in a Turkish prison, who during his time in the PKK rose from the lowest level to near the top in terms of terrorist operations.
This riveting life history, told in Denizs own words, provides unique insights into why someone becomes a freedom fighter and what such a life entails. The account provides extensive information on the PKK, including the groups recruitment, ideological and military training, armed strategies, internal structures and code of ethics, treatment of women, and goals for peace. Denizs story not only explains why more Kurdish freedom fighters will be recruited to engage in terrorist acts, but also facilitates understanding of how normal people can become involved in conflict and organizations that are designated as terrorist groups. A foreword by renowned criminologist Francis T. Cullen helps contextualize the material. This book will interest students of criminology, terrorism/counterterrorism, political violence, and security.
Murat Haner received his Ph.D. in criminal justice from the University of Cincinnati. He is currently a Visiting Professor in the Department of Social Sciences, Program of Criminology, at the University of South Florida, Sarasota-Manatee. He teaches courses in counterterrorism, homeland security, radicalization, the Middle East, criminal justice, and intelligence science. Previously, he was a ranked officer with the Turkish National Police, at various departments. He worked undercover on counterterrorism and similar areas across Turkey. He has also traveled to Hungary, Israel, Sudan, Azerbaijan, Greece, Syria, and Germany for security training and education programs under the auspices of European Union and Turkish state funds.
The Freedom Fighter
A Terrorists Own Story
Murat Haner
First published 2018
by Routledge
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
A catalog record for this book has been requested
ISBN: 978-1-138-10450-1 (hbk)
ISBN: 978-1-138-10451-8 (pbk)
ISBN: 978-1-315-10222-1 (ebk)
Typeset in Bembo
by Out of House Publishing
Contents
The ability of terrorist groups to incur widespread death and destruction has markedly increased with technological advances in the areas of communication, transportation, and weapon capability. Using these new tools and networks, terrorists now seek to inflict mass casualties worldwide. Given these realities, it is essential to research the factors that underlie a terrorist groups origins, grievances, and demands. Such insights might help us to respond more effectively to insurgencies, especially when military campaigns to capture or kill every terrorist have proven unsuccessful.
Within this context, the current book explores why so many Kurdish peopleespecially young adultsjoin the Kurdistan Workers Party (PKK) and conduct terrorist acts. It is inspired by Clifford R. Shaws The Jack-Roller: A Delinquent Boys Own Story, a title originally published by the University of Chicago Press in 1930 that is still in print today. Employing the same approach taken by Shaw in his 1930 classic, the issue of radicalization was explored through the life-history method: having a PKK terroristor freedom fightertell his own story. Over a five-month period, I interviewed a high-level PKK terrorist in a Turkish prison. The subjectknown as Denizproved remarkably insightful because of his diverse experiences. During his nearly two decades in the PKK, Deniz rose from the lowest level to near the top in terms of terrorist operations.
The resulta detailed life history of Deniz told in his own wordsis an amazing narrative that provides unique insights into why someone becomes a freedom fighter and what such a life entails. This account provides extensive information on the PKK, including the groups recruitment, ideological and military training, and armed strategies, internal organizational structure and code of ethics, treatment of women, and goals for peace. In turn, using a life-course perspective, the book concludes by examining the factors that led to Denizs onset into, persistence of, and desistance from his life as a terrorist.
Given that the Turkish government has chosen to continue to use military means to suppress the Kurds and the PKK, it is likely that the Kurdish insurrection will remain an ongoing concern. As such, the special observations offered by Deniz are likely to be of continuing value for some time regarding the terrorist conflict in Turkey. Deniz not only explains the issue of why more Kurdish freedom fighters will be recruited and engage in terrorist acts, but also provides a roadmap for addressing the daunting issues between the PKK and Turkey: Is peace possible? What would it take for freedom fighters such as Denizand the steady flow of Kurdish young adults into the PKK prepared to follow in his footstepsto stop fighting Turkey and become peaceful?
Murat Haner
University of South Florida SarasotaManatee
The completion of this book would never have been possible without the support, advice, and guidance of Dr. Francis T. Cullen, who not only helped with this book, but also provided invaluable assistance and numerous opportunities throughout my entire career at the University of Cincinnati. The time and wisdom you made available to me taught me much about being a quality researcher, scholar, and teacher as well as the importance of being a good human being throughout the process. The values you instilled in me I will carry with me throughout my life.