contributors
richard carrier, Ph.D., historian, philosopher, and author of Proving History: Bayess Theorem and the Quest for the Historical Jesus. Dr. Carrier specializes in the religious and intellectual history of Greece and Rome and the modern philosophy of naturalism and Atheism. His next book On the Historicity of Jesus Christ will soon be published. To learn more about him and his work see www.richardcarrier.info.
EARL DOHERTY began his research into the question of Jesus existence in the early 1980s, and in 1996 was the first to create a Web-site presenting the argument for what is now known as Jesus Mythicism. Both the Web-site and his first published book in 1999, The Jesus Puzzle , were influential in bringing Mythicism to wide public exposure and popularity. His 2009 opus, Jesus: Neither God Nor Man , is perhaps the most comprehensive case yet published for the non-existence of Jesus of Nazareth.
david fitzgerald is, among other things, a writer and historian on the speakers bureau of both the Secular Student Alliance and Center for Inquiry; Director of the worlds first Atheist Film Festival; an audience favorite at Skepticon; and author of Nailed: Ten Christian Myths That Show Jesus Never Existed At All (voted one of the top 5 Atheist/Agnostic books of 2010); and the forthcoming The Complete Heretics Guide to Western Religion ( Book One: The Mormons ) and Jesus: Mything in Action.
D. M. Murdock a.k.a. Acharya S is an alumna of Franklin & Marshall College and the American School of Classical Studies at Athens, Greece, where she studied under world-renowned classicists and archaeologists. Murdock researches in English, Greek, Latin, Hebrew, French, Spanish, Italian, German, Portuguese and other languages. She is the author of several books, including The Christ Conspiracy, Suns of God , Who Was Jesus? and Christ in Egypt . Articles by Murdock have been published on several Web-sites and E-zines, as well as in magazines, books, and journals.
Ren Salm isAn independent researcher, who has investigated the field of religion for almost four decades, producing books on both Buddhism and Christianity. He has had a successful career in the mental health field as well as in music. His controversial book The Myth of Nazareth: The Invented Town of Jesus (2008) is an archeological expos that shows that the town of Nazareth came into existence after the time that Jesus should have been living there. Salm continues to investigate possible historical and religious links between Christianity and Buddhism and maintains several Web-sites, including www.mythicistpapers.com ( Mythicist Papers ) and www.nazarethmyth.info.
Robert M. Price, P h.D. in Systematic Theology, Ph.D. in New Testament, is the author of many books including Deconstructing Jesus, The Widow Traditions in Luke-Acts, and The Amazing Colossal Apostle . He is the host of two podcasts, The Bible Geek and The Human Bible . Price serves as contributing editor for The American Rationalist and The Humanist . He is a native Mississippian, lived long in New Jersey, and now happily dwells in remote Selma, North Carolina, with his beloved wife Carol and daughters Victoria and Veronica.
Frank R. Zindler is a linguist, geologist, neurophysiologist, and the editor of American Atheist Press. A former professor of biology and geology, he translated and published an English version of early German Christ-Myth theorist Arthur Drews The Legend of Saint Peter . His The Jesus the Jews Never Knew an exhaustive study of all Jewish literature surviving from antiquityshowed that the ancient Jews had never heard of Jesus of Nazareth. Indeed, they had never heard of Nazareth! Bart Ehrmans Did Jesus Exist? has criticized several chapters of the first volume of Zindlers four-volume Through Atheist Eyes: Scenes From a World That Wont Reason .
bart ehrman
and the
quest of the historical
jesus of nazareth
An Evaluation of Ehrmans
Did Jesus Exist?
Edited by
Frank R. Zindler & Robert M. Price
2013
American Atheist Press
Cranford, New Jersey
ISBN-13: 978-1-57884-020-5
ISBN-10: 1-57884-020-1
Copyright 2013 by American Atheist Press
225 Cristiani Street
Cranford, NJ 07016-0158
FAX: 908-276-7402
www.atheists.org
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without prior permission from the publisher.
Printed in the United States of America.
Bart Ehrman and the Quest of the Historical Jesus of Nazareth: An Evaluation of Ehrmans Did Jesus Exist?
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Bart Ehrman and the quest of the historical Jesus of Nazareth : an evaluation of Ehrmans Did Jesus exist? / edited by Frank R. Zindler & Robert M. Price.
pages cm
ISBN 978-1-57884-019-9 (alk. paper)
1. Ehrman, Bart D. Did Jesus exist? 2. Jesus Christ--Historicity. I. Zindler, Frank R. II. Price, Robert M., 1954-
BT303.2.B33 2013
232.908--dc23
2013000900
THIS BOOK IS DEDICATED
to that
Child of the Enlightenment and
Founding Father
Thomas Paine
who wrote in The Age of Reason, Part Three :
Repeated forgeries and falsifications create a well-founded suspicion that all the cases spoken of concerning the person called Jesus Christ are made cases, on purpose to lug in, and that very clumsily, some broken sentences from the Old Testament, and apply them as prophecies of those cases; and that so far from his being the son of God, he did not exist even as a man that he is merely an imaginary or allegorical character, as Apollo, Hercules, Jupiter and all the dei ties of antiquity were. There is no history written at the time Jesus Christ is said to have lived that speaks of the existence of such a person, even as a man.
Contents
FOREWORD
T he struggle here engaged is not just another scholarly quarrel. It is a contest between scholars who see the world through the lens of science and those who cannot yet cut themselves free from the anchors of religious and traditional authority. Until the publication in 2012 of Bart D. Ehrmans Did Jesus Exist? The Historical Argument for Jesus of Nazareth , scholars who have denied the historicity of Jesus of Nazareth have for the most part been answered only by religious apologists, not genuine historians or biblical scholars. Only occasionally during the twentieth century did secular scholars take critical notice of the growing Mythicist literature and present arguments against even the most uncertain and vulnerable parts of it. For the most part, the strategy of traditional scholars seems to have been, If we ignore them, sooner or later theyll give up and go away.
That strategy worked very well, and notice of the so-called Mythicist position was taken neither in Academe nor in pulpit. Until the advent of the Internet, Mythicist evidence and arguments against the Historical Jesus were largely excluded from the ordinary channels of scholarly communication.
Everything changed, however, when the Mythicist position was formally engaged by Professor Bart D. Ehrman, the James A. Gray Distinguished Professor of Religious Studies at the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill. Ehrman arguably is one of the most famous and professionally respected New Testament scholars in America. In his Did Jesus Exist?, specific Mythicists are named and their works are cited and criticized. This is a milestone in the history of Historical-Jesus studies and it lends hope that before too long a genuine Science of Christian Origins will be able to supplant Historical-Jesus Studies in the world of secular scholarship.