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STRANGE FRUIT OF THE BLACK PACIFIC
NATION OF NATIONS: IMMIGRANT HISTORY AS AMERICAN HISTORY
General Editors: Rachel Buff, Matthew Jacobson, and Werner Sollors
Beyond the Shadow of Camptown: Korean Military Brides in America
Ji-Yeon Yuh
Feeling Italian: The Art of Ethnicity in America
Thomas J. Ferraro
Constructing Black Selves: Caribbean American Narratives and the Second Generation
Lisa D. McGill
Transnational Adoption: A Cultural Economy of Race, Gender, and Kinship
Sara K. Dorow
Immigration and American Popular Culture: An Introduction
Jeffrey Melnick and Rachel Rubin
From Arrival to Incorporation: Migrants to the U.S. in a Global Era
Edited by Elliott R. Barkan, Hasia Diner, and Alan M. Kraut
Migrant Imaginaries: Latino Cultural Politics in the U.S.-Mexico Borderlands
Alicia Schmidt Camacho
The Force of Domesticity: Filipina Migrants and Globalization
Rhacel Salazar Parreas
Immigrant Rights in the Shadows of Citizenship
Edited by Rachel Ida Buff
Rough Writing: Ethnic Authorship in Theodore Roosevelts America
Aviva F. Taubenfeld
The Third Asiatic Invasion: Migration and Empire in Filipino America, 18981946
Rick Baldoz
Race for Citizenship: Black Orientalism and Asian Uplift from Pre-Emancipation to Neoliberal America
Helen Heran Jun
Entitled to Nothing: The Struggle for Immigrant Health Care in the Age of Welfare Reform
Lisa Sun-Hee Park
The Slums of Aspen: Immigrants vs. the Environment in Americas Eden
Lisa Sun-Hee Park and David Naguib Pellow
Arab America: Gender, Cultural Politics, and Activism
Nadine Naber
Social Death: Racialized Rightlessness and the Criminalization of the Unprotected
Lisa Marie Cacho
Love and Empire: Cybermarriage and Citizenship across the Americas
Felicity Amaya Schaeffer
Soft Soil, Black Grapes: The Birth of Italian Winemaking in California
Simone Cinotto
Citizens of Asian America: Democracy and Race during the Cold War
Cindy I-Fen Cheng
Global Families: A History of Asian International Adoption in America
Catherine Ceniza Choy
Whos Your Paddy? Racial Expectations and the Struggle for Irish American Identity
Jennifer Nugent Duffy
Islam Is a Foreign Country: American Muslims and the Global Crisis of Authority
Zareena Grewal
African and American: West Africans in Post-Civil Rights America
Marilyn Halter and Violet M. Showers Johnson
From the Land of Shadows: War, Revolution, and the Making of the Cambodian Diaspora
Khatharya Um
The Cultural Politics of U.S. Immigration: Gender, Race, and Media
Leah Perry
Strange Fruit of the Black Pacific: Imperialisms Racial Justice and Its Fugitives
Vince Schleitwiler
Strange Fruit of the Black Pacific
Imperialisms Racial Justice and Its Fugitives
Vince Schleitwiler
NEW YORK UNIVERSITY PRESS
New York
NEW YORK UNIVERSITY PRESS
New York
www.nyupress.org
2017 by New York University
All rights reserved
References to Internet websites (URLs) were accurate at the time of writing. Neither the author nor New York University Press is responsible for URLs that may have expired or changed since the manuscript was prepared.
ISBN: 978-1-4798-6469-0 (hardback)
ISBN: 978-1-4798-5708-1 (paperback)
For Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication data, please contact the Library of Congress.
New York University Press books are printed on acid-free paper, and their binding materials are chosen for strength and durability. We strive to use environmentally responsible suppliers and materials to the greatest extent possible in publishing our books.
Manufactured in the United States of America
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A book in the American Literatures Initiative (ALI), a collaborative publishing project of NYU Press, Fordham University Press, Rutgers University Press, Temple University Press, and the University of Virginia Press. The Initiative is supported by The Andrew W. Mellon Foundation. For more information, please visit www.americanliteratures.org.
Some people manage to stay free.
Mosquito (Gayl Jones)
CONTENTS
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Any book worth reading must be the expression of a desire to become indebted to others. Whether this is such a book is not for me to decide, but I am lucky to have accumulated the tally that follows. As always, the greatest debts remain unaccounted and nameless.
Over the years, my teachers have given me more than a student should ask, particularly one so incorrigible as myself. I am honored by their patience and friendship, and grateful for their steadfast kindness through adversity. Joycelyn Moody taught me that reading could be a calling, and the pursuit of literacy a lifes task; I am still learning. Chandan Reddys terrifying intellect is surpassed only by his inexhaustible generosity, and I am better for having drawn upon both. From Johnnella Butler I learned that integrity can be sustained with grace at the highest levels of institutions not designed for your survival, a reminder that has saved me on more than a few occasions. Vince Rafael is the most literary thinker I have been fortunate to meet, and his restless mind pushed this project in profound ways. Eva Cherniavskys steady and exemplary mentorship steered me through many difficult challenges.
Kiko Benitez was an invaluable guide to my early incursions into Filipino literatures, and Alys Weinbaum showed me how to draw my first maps of the planet Du Bois. Steve Sumida, Gail Nomura, Peter Kwong, and Duanka Mievi have been generous and supportive since my undergraduate years. Student organizers at the University of Washington and Oberlin, including Diem Nguyen, Genji Terasaki, Robin Russell, Marc Philpart, Dana Arviso, and many others provided me with the greater part of my education. I will never be done thanking my old friends from GO-MAP, especially Jerry Pangilinan and Cynthia Morales. In and beyond Seattle, Jeff Chiu, Amy Reddinger and Rhonda Mellinger, Lesley Larkin, Seema Sohi, Caroline Yang, Andrea Opitz and Stacy Grooters, Marites Mendoza, Ryan Burt, Trang Ta, and Keith Feldman allowed me to understand friendship as a form of study. Tamiko Nimura continues to show me the way forward. As a teacher, I have been fortunate to learn alongside many fine students, including Jacquelin Magby Baker, Rhassan Hill, Claire Schwartz, Charlotte Silverman, Kaveh Landsverk, Naima McFarland, Lauren Zachary, Christopher Holland, Sophia Rosenfeld, Jackie Harris, Logan Lawson, Alina and Amber Penny, and too many others to name.
Much love and respect to the Willliamstown diaspora, and to those still holding it down in the Berkshires: Tracey and Devyn Spence Benson, Stphane Robolin and Evie Shockley, Travis and Jessica Gosa, Neil Roberts and Karima Barrow, Jackie Hidalgo and Sourena Parham, Kiara Vigil and Blake Johnson, Jennifer Randall Crosby, Lillian-Yvonne Bertram, and Manu Vimalassery. The peerless Joyce Foster, learned and wise, is a beacon to me, as to many. Dorothy Wang is fearless and always true. Laylah Ali, Allan Isaac, Wendy Raymond, Greg Robinson, Lisa Lowe, and Elena Creef offered timely encouragement. Mike Phillips, Rebecca Zorach, and Cauleen Smith swung through town when I needed them most.