George A. Bray - Handbook of obesity

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title	:	Handbook of Obesity
author	:	Bray, George A.
publisher	:	CRC Press
isbn10 | asin	:	0824798996
print isbn13	:	9780824798994
ebook isbn13	:	9780585158532
language	:	English
subject	Obesity, Obesity.
publication date	:	1998
lcc	:	RC628.H29 1998eb
ddc	:	616.3/98
subject	:	Obesity, Obesity.

Page i Handbook of Obesity Edited by George A. Bray Pennington Biomedical Research Center Louisiana State University Baton Rouge, Louisiana Claude Bouchard Physical Activity Sciences Laboratory Laval University Ste.-Foy, Quebec, Canada W. P. T. James Rowett Research Institute Aberdeen, Scotland MARCEL DEKKER, INC. NEW YORK BASEL

Page ii Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Handbook of obesity/edited by George A. Bray, Claude Bouchard, W. P. T. James. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-8247-9899-6 (hardcover: alk. paper) 1. Obesity. I. Bray. George, A. II. Bouchard, Claude. III. James, W. P. T. (William Philip Trehearne) [DNLM: 1. Obesity. WD 210 H236 1997] RC628.H29 1997 616.3'98-dc21 DNLM/DLC for Library of Congress97-34402 CIP The publisher offers discounts on this book when ordered in bulk quantities. For more information, write to Special Sales/Professional Marketing at the address below. This book is printed on acid-free paper. Copyright 1998 by MARCEL DEKKER, INC. All Rights Reserved. Neither this book nor any part may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, microfilming, and recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. MARCEL DEKKER, INC. 270 Madison Avenue, New York, New York 10016 http://www.dekker.com Current printing (last digit): 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Page iii PREFACE This volume has been designed to provide up-to-date coverage of the range of subjects that make up the field of obesity research. The chapters have been written by many of the leading scientists and clinicians in the field. We have divided the book into four sections. Part one deals with the history, definitions, and prevalence of obesity. The first of these nine chapters outlines the history of obesity using a series of timelines to put the important events in the development of obesity research into the historical context. This is followed by a chapter written by the three editors on definitions that can be used to frame the subject matter of obesity. Chapters on the measurement of body composition follow. The global prevalence of obesity in children and in the elderly is then presented in three separate chapters. This section ends with a discussion of the behavioral and psychological correlates of obesity, and the cultural context in which obesity is viewed by different ethnic groups. The second section focuses on the etiological factors involved in the development of this problem. The first chapter is a detailed presentation of the genetics of human obesity. A genetic approach has proved particularly important since the discovery of leptin and the rapid mapping of genetic loci that are associated with the development of obesity. A great deal has been learned about obesity from the study of animals models, a variety of which are presented by two of the experts in the field. The third chapter deals with the rise of genetic approaches to obesity, which has been aided by advances in molecular biology. There follow three chapters on the intake of food. One of these deals with this problem in humans, the second with the problem in animals, and the third with the neural basis for the intake of food in both humans and animals. Together these chapters provide a vivid view of the current standing of the field of nutrient intake. Our understanding of the importance of adipose tissue has steadily increased, from regarding it as a simple storage organ to recognizing it as a secretory organ as well. The important differences between white and brown adipose tissue have also been elucidated, and their role in the development and maintenance of human obesity defined. These concepts are developed in the next four chapters. The final group of chapters in the second section deals with energy expenditure. There is a chapter on energy expenditure and thermogenesis during test, and one on physical activity and its relation to obesity and food intake. Finally, the roles of the endocrine system, the autonomic nervous system, and substrate handling are discussed. From this second section the reader should obtain a detailed understanding of the genetic basis of obesity; the role and control of food intake in the development of obesity; the way fat cells function as a storage, thermogenic, secretory organ; and, finally, the way in which energy expenditure is controlled and involved in the development of obesity.

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