Freeman Susan Kathleen - Understanding and Teaching U.S. Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender History

The Harvey Goldberg Series for Understanding and Teaching History

The Harvey Goldberg Series for Understanding and Teaching History gives college and secondary history instructors a deeper understanding of the past as well as the tools to help them teach it creatively and effectively. Each volume focuses on a specific historical topic and offers a wealth of content and resources, providing concrete examples of how teachers can approach the subject in the classroom. Named for Harvey Goldberg, a professor renowned for his history teaching at Oberlin College, Ohio State University, and the University of Wisconsin from the 1960s to the 1980s, the series reflects Goldbergs commitment to helping students think critically about the past with the goal of creating a better future. For more information, please visit www.GoldbergSeries.org.

Series Editors

John Day Tully is an associate professor of history at Central Connecticut State University and was the founding director of the Harvey Goldberg Center for Excellence in Teaching at Ohio State University.

Matthew Masur is an associate professor of history at Saint Anselm College, where he is codirector of the Father Guerin Center for Teaching Excellence. He is a member of the Teaching Committee of the Society for Historians of American Foreign Relations and writes on American-Vietnamese relations.

Brad Austin is a professor of history at Salem State University. He has served as chair of the American Historical Associations Teaching Prize Committee and has worked with hundreds of secondary school teachers as the academic coordinator of many Teaching American History grants.

Advisory Board

Kevin Boyle Northwestern University

Ross Dunn Professor Emeritus, San Diego State University

Leon Fink UIC Distinguished Professor of History, University of Illinois at Chicago

Kimberly Ibach Meeker High School, Meeker, Colorado

Alfred W. McCoy J.R.W. Smail Professor of History, Director, Harvey Goldberg Center for the Study of Contemporary History, University of WisconsinMadison

David J. Staley Director, Harvey Goldberg Center for Excellence in Teaching, Ohio State University

Maggie Tran McLean High School, McLean, Virginia

Sam Wineburg Margaret Jacks Professor of Education and (by courtesy) of History, Director, Stanford History Education Group, Stanford University

Understanding and Teaching
U.S. Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual,
and Transgender History

Edited by

L EILA J. R UPP

S USAN K. F REEMAN

The University of Wisconsin Press

The University of Wisconsin Press
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Madison, Wisconsin 53711-2059
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Copyright 2014
The Board of Regents of the University of Wisconsin System
All rights reserved. Except in the case of brief quotations embedded in critical articles and reviews, no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, transmitted in any format or by any meansdigital, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwiseor conveyed via the Internet or a website without written permission of the University of Wisconsin Press. Rights inquiries should be directed to .

Printed in the United States of America

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Understanding and teaching U.S. lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender history / edited by Leila J. Rupp and Susan K. Freeman.
pages cm (The Harvey Goldberg series for understanding and teaching history)
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-0-299-30244-3 (pbk.: alk. paper)
ISBN 978-0-299-30243-6 (e-book)
1. Gay and lesbian studiesStudy and teachingUnited States.
2. Sexual minoritiesHistoryStudy and teachingUnited States.
I. Rupp, Leila J., 1950, editor of compilation.
II. Freeman, Susan Kathleen, editor of compilation.
III. Series: Harvey Goldberg series for understanding and teaching history.
HQ75.16.U6U53 2015
306.76071dc23
2014009612

SUSAN K. FREEMAN and LEILA J. RUPP

LEILA J. RUPP

JOHN DEMILIO

DANIEL HUREWITZ

EMILY K. HOBSON and FELICIA T. PEREZ

KEVIN MUMFORD

GENNY BEEMYN

THOMAS A. FOSTER

DAVID D. DOYLE JR.

DA FRANKOV

RED VAUGHAN TREMMEL

COLIN R. JOHNSON

MARILYN E. HEGARTY

DAVID K. JOHNSON

CLAIRE BOND POTTER

CRAIG M. LOFTIN

IAN LEKUS

MARC STEIN

DANIEL RIVERS

WHITNEY STRUB

JENNIFER BRIER

AARON BELKIN

SHANNON WEBER

NAN ALAMILLA BOYD

NORMAN W. JONES

NICHOLAS L. SYRETT

SHARON ULLMAN

in the Classroom

CATHERINE O. JACQUET

As the title of this book announces, it is designed for those who teach U.S. history at the secondary or university level and want to integrate lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender history into the U.S. history curriculum. But we also hope it will reach anyone who simply wants to understand what queer history has to add to the traditional historical narrative. We offer here inspiring stories of teachers in the trenches, short essays on topical and chronological slices of history that sum up what we know, and reflections on a variety of means of accessing queer history for use in the classroom and beyond.

The enthusiasm with which the twenty-seven authors featured in these pages responded to our request to contribute to this volume is a sign of how committed scholars and teachers of queer history are to making a difference. Digesting the scholarship on a particular topic and thinking through the ways that it can be incorporated in a U.S. history survey, reflecting on the experience of teaching in a way that speaks to others, and laying out different resources that engage students are all exercises very different from engaging in historical research and presenting it in article or book form. They are also, sad to say, less rewarded kinds of contributions in many academic institutions. We are grateful to all the scholars and teachers who took time from their busy schedules to craft these essays. That our contributors continue to express their belief in the importance of this project means more to us than they can know.

We would also like to thank the series editors, John Tully, Matthew Masur, and Brad Austin, all former colleagues in the Department of History at Ohio State University. Their commitment to this book, only the second in the Harvey Goldberg series, gives us confidence that those of us who are lesbian, gay, bisexual, or transgender are not the only ones who care about this history. We are also grateful to the terrific team at the University of Wisconsin Press, especially Matthew Cosby, Carla Marolt, Adam Mehring, Rose Rittenhouse, and Gwen Walker, and to the anonymous reviewers of the proposal and final manuscript for their careful readings and helpful suggestions.

Leila would also like to thank Jeffrey Stewart, Anissa Stewart, and Jacqueline Reid of Teachers for the Study of Educational Institutions, which is, among other things, working to implement the FAIR Education Act in the Santa Barbara area, and the teachers who attended a conference sponsored by the group, all of whom are committed to making a diverse educational experience a reality. Hearing from middle and high school teachers on the ground was an inspiration. Leila is also grateful to Tony Mastres, who performed his usual magic on many of the illustrations, and Flower Conroy, who brainstormed on the cover concept on a lovely Key West afternoon. Susan extends gratitude to Patty DeLoach for her generous and competent administrative support. Finally, we are both fortunate in having partnersVerta Taylor and Cathryn Baileywho are also colleagues. We thank them, as always, for all they do to keep us smiling.