Editors
Rebecca C. Hains and Sharon R. Mazzarella
Cultural Studies of LEGO
More Than Just Bricks
Editors
Rebecca C. Hains
Department of Media and Communication, Salem State University, Salem, MA, USA
Sharon R. Mazzarella
School of Communication Studies, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA, USA
ISBN 978-3-030-32663-0 e-ISBN 978-3-030-32664-7
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-32664-7
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For Theo, Alex and Xavier, who make everything awesome
Rebecca C. Hains
For Jeff, who has taught me one is never too old to play well
Sharon R. Mazzarella
Preface
As a childrens media culture scholar, I observed with professional interest LEGOs transformation from a childrens toy into a transnational, transmedia brand with immense cultural power. My research has always considered the cultural implications of major media phenomena, such as girl powers rise in the 1990s, and the Disney Princess brands ascendency after the turn of the millennium. The latter subject built upon a wealth of previous scholarship, as scholars and other critics have been interrogating Disney for decades. But not so with LEGO: It only recently emerged as a transmedia brand that boasts, among other properties, blockbuster animated films. So, one day, not too long after the release ofThe LEGO Batman Moviein 2017, I asked Sharon: What if we were to give LEGO the Disney treatment? That question guided us as we developed this volume.
We created this book for scholars, students and readers from the general public alike. It will appeal to those with an interest in the LEGO brand, as well as in childrens media culture more broadly. In this volume, essays examine LEGO from an array of critical/cultural studies approaches, with attention to its ideological power, influence and status as a major transnational media brand. While our contributors work focuses on LEGO, their findings reflect broader trends in the childrens media landscape. As such, these chapters have implications for those who are interested in cultural studies, media studies and the array of additional disciplines that our contributors represent, including literature, psychology, religious studies and sociology. We also value that our contributors bring to bear perspectives from a variety of nations, as they hail from Canada, Germany, England, Australia, The Netherlands, Norway and locations across the United States.
Sharon and I owe these amazing scholars a huge shout-out for being part of our team. This collections high quality derives from their passion for the topic, their intellectual expertise and their understanding of the importance of subjecting popular cultural artifacts to in-depth critical/cultural analyses. Over the past year or so, it has been a genuine pleasure to work with them: We admire their good humor, willingness to stick with us as this collection evolved and overall commitment to our project. Finally, we appreciate the contributions of everyone involved in the editorial and production processes at Palgrave Macmillan: their commitment to providing a space for academic exploration and intellectual interrogation of popular culture artifacts made this project possible.
Rebecca C. Hains
Salem, USA
Contents
Sharon R. Mazzarella and Rebecca C. Hains
Part I LEGO as Media Text
Lincoln Geraghty
Matthew P. McAllister and Jared LaGroue
Ari Mattes
Sissel Undheim
Matthias Zick Varul
Part II Creativity in the LEGO Universe
Jonathan Rey Lee
Joyce Goggin
Shannon Brownlee
Nancy A. Jennings
Part III The Politics of Representation in the LEGO Franchise
Rebecca C. Hains and Jennifer W. Shewmaker
Debra Merskin
Kyra Hunting
Derek Johnson
List of Figures
Fig. 7.1 Screenshot of the submarine constructed by the Master Builders duringTLM. The individual styles of the different builders include the scuba bear and rainbow (Unikitty), the retro space undercarriage and satellite dishes (Benny), the noir front section and back fins (Batman), the blue and purple side paneling (Wyldstyle), and the dreamcatcher (Vitruvius)
Fig. 7.2 Screenshot ofTLMshowing the first scene where Wyldstyle engages Master Building vision
Fig. 7.3 Reverse package image of theIce Cream Machineset (#70804). The same set of elements are used to build the alternate models featured in the two upper panels. The minifigures are shown and named in the center lower panel
Notes on Contributors
Shannon Brownlee
is appointed to the Cinema and Media Studies program and the Gender and Womens Studies program of Dalhousie University in Halifax (Canada). Her research focuses on animated film and film adaptation from a range of media. Her previous work on LEGO animation includes a 2016 article forFilm Criticism.
Lincoln Geraghty
is professor of media cultures in the School of Film, Media and Communication at the University of Portsmouth (England). He serves as editorial advisor forThe Journal of Popular Culture,Transformative Works and Culture,Journal of Fandom StudiesandJournal of Popular Televisionwith interests in science fiction film and television, fandom and collecting in popular culture. Major publications includeLiving with Star Trek: American Culture and the Star Trek Universe