Andriy Zayarnyuk - Lviv’s Uncertain Destination

LVIVS UNCERTAIN DESTINATION

A City and Its Train Terminal from Franz Joseph I to Brezhnev

University of Toronto Press 2020

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Printed in the U.S.A.

ISBN 978-1-4875-0519-6 (cloth)

ISBN 978-1-4875-3173-7 (EPUB)

ISBN 978-1-4875-3172-0 (PDF)

Library and Archives Canada Cataloguing in Publication

Title: Lvivs uncertain destination : a city and its train terminal from Franz Joseph I to Brezhnev / Andriy Zayarnyuk.

Names: Zayarnyuk, Andriy, 1975- author.

Description: Includes bibliographical references and index.

Identifiers: Canadiana 2019018664X | ISBN 9781487505196 (hardcover)

Subjects: LCSH: Railroad stations Ukraine Lviv History

20th century. | LCSH: Lviv (Ukraine)

History 20th century.

Classification: LCC DK508.95.L86 Z39 2020 | DDC 947.7/9 dc23

This book has been published with the help of a grant from the Federation for the Humanities and Social Sciences, through the Awards to Scholarly Publications Program, using funds provided by the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada.

University of Toronto Press acknowledges the financial assistance to its publishing program of the Canada Council for the Arts and the Ontario Arts Council, an agency of the Government of Ontario.

Contents

Figures

Tables

This book owes many debts to people who supported my work on this project for many years, patiently read my drafts, and generously shared their knowledge and time. Andriy Orel was the manuscripts first and enthusiastic reader. Sean Patterson went through the whole manuscript, and his comments improved its readability extensively. Alan Rutkowski edited the language and gave very encouraging feedback. Freelancer Barry Norris meticulously copy edited the manuscripts final version. Jakub Bene and John-Paul Himka commented on selected chapters, Oksana Vynnyk and Serhy Yekelchyk kindly shared some sources with me. Klavdiia Tatar and Antony Tomlin did an excellent job as research assistants. Oleksandr Avramchuk helped me in Warsaw. Editor Richard Ratzlaff, formerly with the University of Toronto Press, found excellent peer reviewers for the manuscript. Stephen Shapiro, who inherited the manuscript from Richard, guided me expertly through the rest of the publication process. Iryna Kotlobulatova generously shared with me her knowledge of Lvivs history, as well as postcards and photographs. Oleksandr Korobov, David Lee Preston of Philadelphia, Volodymyr Rumiantsev, and Harrie Teunissen kindly gave permission to use items from their personal collections as illustrations. The Holocaust Research Project (www.HolocaustResearchProject.org) team gave permission to use their map of the Lviv ghetto.

The books final version benefited immensely from the discussion at the conference Recovering Forgotten History: The Image of East-Central Europe in English-Language Academic and Text Books. Spasimir Domaradzki, Yaroslav Hrytsak, and Maciej Janowski furnished excellent detailed reviews. Finally, I would like to thank two anonymous peer reviewers of my manuscript. Their comments helped me to write a better book. I alone am responsible for all the remaining shortcomings and errors.

Institutional support for this project was indispensable. The book became possible because my research was generously funded by the University of Winnipeg and the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada. The University of Winnipeg deserves special mention for being such a great workplace. The Harvard Ukrainian Research Institute awarded me a Eugene and Daymel Shklar Fellowship to work on the book in 2015, while a visit to Jerusalem was at the invitation of the Galicia Research Group with the Israel Institute for Advanced Studies at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. I would also like to thank the Center for Urban History of East Central Europe; my research benefited from their library and two great projects: Urban Maps Digital and Urban Image Database.

From year to year my colleagues from the Canadian Association of Slavists had to endure a torrent of Lviv train terminal papers thank you all for your patience! My final thanks go to Winnipeg, Lvivs sister city, with its multitude of railway tracks, two splendid train terminals, extensive train yards, and busy depots. I wrote this book there.

Names of people and places have been transliterated from the Cyrillic alphabet according to a modified Library of Congress scheme. Modifications include dropping the apostrophe that marks a soft sign (Horodotska instead of Horodotska) and ending surnames with -y instead of -yi or -ii. These adaptations have not been made in the bibliography. Generally, places in present-day Ukraine are transliterated from Ukrainian; for places in present-day Poland, Polish names are used. Normally, other versions of place names are provided in parentheses on the first use. Since Lvivs streets in the first half of the twentieth century were better known by their Polish names, I provide these in brackets every time a street name is used for the first time in any given paragraph. If the current Ukrainian name is a recent invention, I use a historical one, either in its Polish or internationally used version, with the current name in parentheses. For some geographic and personal names, established usage in the English language has been followed (Galicia, Nicholas II). For personal names with several available versions, I tried to follow either peoples self-identification or their ethnicity using Ukrainian versions for ethnic Ukrainians, Russian for ethnic Russians, and so on. When ethnicity and national loyalty most likely did not coincide, but an explicit statement from the person in question is missing, the reader will see two version of the same name for example, Viitovych (Wjtowicz). Jewish names from Soviet documents are transliterated from Cyrillic.

Most archives and manuscript depositories used in this book have their holdings divided into collections composed of individual files. Post- Soviet collections also include an intermediary stage of registers, into which collections are subdivided. Collections, registers, and files have unique numbers, while archives and depositories are denoted by their abbreviated names. Below the reader will find a list explaining those abbreviations, English translations and geographic locations.

AAN Archive of Modern Records ( Archiwum Akt Nowych ), Warsaw.

AGAD Main Archive of Ancient Records ( Archiwum Gwne Akt Dawnych ), Warsaw.

ANK National Archive in Krakow ( Archiwum Narodowe w Krakowie ), Krakow.

BJ Manuscript Section of the Jagiellonian Library ( Sekcja Rkopisw Biblioteki Jagielloskiej ), Krakow.

BN Manuscript Collection of the Polish National Library ( Zakad Rkopisw Biblioteki Narodowej ), Warsaw.

d. file ( delo ).

DAKO State Archive of the Kyiv Oblast ( Derzhavnyi arkhiv Kyvsko oblasti ), Kyiv.

DALO State Archive of the Lviv Oblast ( Derzhavnyi arkhiv Lvivsko oblasti ), Lviv.

f. collection ( fond ).

LNB Manuscript Collection of the Lviv National Vasyl Stefanyk Scientific Library of Ukraine ( Lvivska natsionalna naukova biblioteka Ukrany imeni V. Stefanyka ), Lviv.

MILZ Museum of the History of the Lviv Railroad ( Muzei istori Lvivsko zaliznytsi ), Lviv.

TsDAHO Central State Archives of Public Organizations of Ukraine ( Tsentralnyi derzhavnyi arkhiv hromadskykh orhanizatsii Ukrany ), Kyiv.